Learn in the textbookTransaction Fundamentals and Concurrency Control
DefinitionThe ACID properties (ACID特性) are the four properties a transaction must satisfy to be processed correctly, named by the initials of their English names.
ExplanationAtomicity (原子性) means updates either all take effect or none do, and consistency (一貫性) means the data keeps meeting its defined rules before and after processing, such as a quantity never going negative. Isolation (独立性) means several transactions running at the same time are not swayed by each other's partial results, and durability (耐久性) means a committed result is not lost even if a failure occurs later.
Memory hookPut A, C, I and D together and you get the word acid. The first one, Atomicity, comes from atom, something that cannot be split, so a series of updates is never split to keep just part of it.