Learn in the textbookUser Authentication (Knowledge-Based and Possession-Based)
DefinitionA login (ログイン) is the action of entering a user ID, password, or similar details, being confirmed as the genuine user, and starting to use a system or service.
ExplanationChecking what was entered against registered information to confirm the user's identity is called authentication (認証). Deciding whether to allow or refuse use, based on that result and on the access rights (アクセス権) that define who may use what, is called access control (アクセス制御). The action that ends use is logging out (ログアウト), and doing it before leaving your desk keeps others from picking up where you left off.
AnalogyIt is like giving your membership number and PIN at the front desk of a members-only gym and being let in once they match the list.