Learn in the textbookSignificance, Types, and Structure of Systems Auditing
DefinitionThe risk-based approach (リスクアプローチ) is a way of auditing that identifies areas where problems are likely or would have a large impact, and concentrates audit time and staff on them.
ExplanationTime and staff for an audit are limited, so examining everything to the same depth is hard. The auditor therefore assesses the risks first, examines high-risk areas more closely, and simplifies procedures for low-risk ones.
AnalogyIt is like a health checkup where the doctor looks carefully at areas with a family history or worrying readings and checks areas that seem fine only briefly.
Memory hook"Approach" is how you get close to something. The bigger the risk, the closer you get; start from the plain meaning of the English word.