Learn in the textbookUnits of Information and the Digitization Process
DefinitionThe amount of information (情報量) is how much information a piece of data holds, expressed as a number in units such as the number of bits.
ExplanationThe more states you need to tell apart, the more bits you need. To tell apart 100 cases, for example, 6 bits (64 patterns) fall short, while 7 bits (128 patterns) are enough.
AnalogyThink of how many yes-or-no questions you would need to guess the number someone has in mind; that count corresponds to the number of bits needed.