問1
頻出度★★☆
デファクトスタンダードの意味として，最も適切なものはどれか。
平成21年度 秋期 ITパスポート試験 問1
ストラテジ系法務 › 標準化関連
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 1
Incorrectア
JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) is a national standard established by an official standards body. It is a“de jure standard（official standard）”set by institutional procedure, not the result of market competition, so it does not describe a de facto standard.
Incorrectイ
Standards established by ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) are also official international standards produced through formal deliberation and approval procedures, a typical example of a de jure standard. The way they come into being is the opposite of a de facto standard.
- ウ
正解 The term de facto standard comes from the English phrase“de facto（in fact）”and refers to a specification or product that has become the“de facto industry standard”through widespread adoption in the market, even without certification by an official standards body. Choice ウ states exactly that“a specification adopted by a particular company or group comes to be widely used and thus becomes the de facto industry standard”, which is precisely this definition. Examples include PC operating systems, spreadsheet file formats, and the various interface specifications used before USB became widespread; in every case the standard status was not decided in advance by an official body but was gained by winning market share.
Incorrectエ
The description of a standard that is not limited to a particular country, region, or company but applies worldwide describes an“international standard”; it only states the scope of application. It does not include the essence of a de facto standard, namely the process of becoming a standard in fact through widespread adoption in the market.
ここがポイント
- De facto standard = a standard in fact. It is not established by an official body; it refers to a specification that became the industry standard as a result of being widely used in the market.
- The opposing concept is the de jure standard (official standard). Standards set through formal procedures by bodies such as JIS, ISO, and IEC fall into this category, and the difference in how the two come into being is a frequently tested point on the exam.
用語