S社の販売管理業務は，受注処理，出荷処理及び請求処理で構成されており，業務効率の向上を目的として販売管理システムを利用している。 販売管理業務の概要と販売管理システムの概要は，次のとおりである。 〔販売管理業務の概要〕 (1) 受注処理では，営業担当者が顧客から注文依頼を受けると，受注データを販売管理システムに登録する。注文には，通常注文と優先注文の二つの種別がある。 (2) 出荷処理では，受注データを基に在庫引当を行う。通常注文は在庫数の70％まで引当可能であり，優先注文は在庫数まで引当可能である。在庫引当ができた分は，倉庫担当者が納品書を作成して出荷作業を行う。在庫引当ができなかった分は，次の入荷を待ってから出荷する。 (3) 請求処理では，毎月20日を請求締め日として，その翌日に経理担当者が出荷済データから顧客ごとに請求書を作成して送付する。 〔販売管理システムの概要〕 販売管理システムでは，受注処理，出荷処理，請求処理の結果が，それぞれ，受注管理ファイル，出荷管理ファイル，請求管理ファイルに登録される。 出荷処理において，引当数の求め方を流れ図で表すとき，次の図の c，d に入る適切な字句の組合せはどれか。 流れ図（網掛けの部分は，表示していない）： - 「開始」から，条件 [ c ] の判定へ進む。 - [ c ] が Yes のとき：右側の条件 [ d ] の判定へ進む。 - [ c ] が No のとき：左側の網掛けの条件（非表示）の判定へ進む。 - 左側の網掛けの条件が No のとき：「在庫数を引当数とする」。 - 左側の網掛けの条件が Yes のとき：「注文数を引当数とする」。 - [ d ] が No のとき：「注文数を引当数とする」。 - [ d ] が Yes のとき：右側の網掛けの処理（非表示）。 - いずれの処理のあとも「終了」へ進む。
平成21年度 秋期 ITパスポート試験 問90
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
問 90
Incorrectア
c is correct, but d is reversed. If d were “Order quantity ≦ 70% of stock quantity”, then Yes (within the limit) would lead to the shaded process, and No (over the limit) would “Set the order quantity as the allocation quantity”, which would permit an allocation exceeding 70%. That contradicts the business rule that a normal order can be allocated only up to 70% of the stock quantity.
- イ
正解 The flowchart can be determined by reading backward from the processes that follow each branch. First, look at the side where c is No (the left side): when Yes it says “Set the order quantity as the allocation quantity”, and when No it says “Set the stock quantity as the allocation quantity”. This means allocation up to the full stock quantity, that is, if the order quantity is at most the stock quantity the order quantity is allocated as is, and if it exceeds it the stock quantity is allocated. That is the handling of a priority order. Therefore, c being No means a priority order and c being Yes means a normal order, so c is “Is it a normal order?”. Next, look at the side where c is Yes (a normal order): when d is No it says “Set the order quantity as the allocation quantity”, and when d is Yes it is the shaded (undisplayed) process, which from the business rules corresponds to “Set 70% of the stock quantity as the allocation quantity”. Since the allocation limit for a normal order is 70% of the stock quantity, the limit value is allocated only when the order quantity exceeds that limit. Thus the Yes branch of d is “Order quantity > 70% of stock quantity”, and the combination is c: Is it a normal order? / d: Order quantity > 70% of stock quantity, so イ is correct.
Incorrectウ
If c were “Is it a priority order?”, then on the Yes side (a priority order) the 70% decision d, which belongs to normal orders, would be performed. This contradicts the rule that a priority order can be allocated up to the full stock quantity. In addition, the direction of d is reversed, just as in ア.
Incorrectエ
The expression for d is correct, but c is wrong. If c were “Is it a priority order?”, the Yes side would be a priority order, yet the 70% decision d would be performed there. Moreover, the No side (a normal order) would become the processing “if the order quantity is at most the stock quantity then the order quantity, otherwise the stock quantity”, which allocates up to the full stock quantity, so the 70% limit would not take effect.
- For fill-in-the-blank questions on a flowchart, the standard approach is to work backward to the condition from the processing that follows each Yes/No branch. Choose the combination in which the correspondence between the decision conditions and the processing does not contradict the business rules.
- The business rule in this question is that a normal order can be allocated up to 70% of the stock quantity, while a priority order can be allocated up to the full stock quantity. The limit value is allocated only when an order exceeds the limit, and the order quantity itself is allocated when it does not, so pay attention to the direction of the conditional expression (whether it is ≦ or >).