問79
頻出度★★★
業務の改善提案に対する報奨を次の表に基づいて決めるとき，改善額が200万円で，かつ，期間短縮が3日の改善提案に対する報奨は何円になるか。ここで表は，条件が成立の場合はYを，不成立の場合はNを記入し，これらの条件に対応したときの報奨を○で表してある。
| 条件 | 改善額100万円未満 | Y | Y | N | N |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 条件 | 期間短縮1週間未満 | Y | N | Y | N |
| 報奨 | 5,000円 | ○ | |||
| 報奨 | 10,000円 | ○ | |||
| 報奨 | 15,000円 | ○ | |||
| 報奨 | 30,000円 | ○ |
平成22年度 春期 ITパスポート試験 問79
ストラテジ系企業活動 › 業務分析・データ利活用
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 79
Incorrectア
The ○ for 5,000 yen is in the first column from the left, that is, the case where both conditions hold: （improvement amount less than 1,000,000 yen＝Y, period shortening less than 1 week＝Y）. In this question the improvement amount is 2,000,000 yen, which does not satisfy “less than 1,000,000 yen”, so the first condition is N and this column does not apply. This is the reward amount for a proposal with a small improvement amount and a short period shortening, that is, the lowest contribution.
- イ
正解 The correct answer is イ, 10,000 yen. This table is a decision table: the top 2 rows show the conditions, and the bottom 4 rows show the reward that corresponds to those conditions. In the condition part, one vertical column of Y／N values forms one rule, and from left to right the four combinations （Y, Y）（Y, N）（N, Y）（N, N） are lined up. First, decide which column the proposal in the question falls into. The first condition is “improvement amount less than 1,000,000 yen”, but this proposal has an improvement amount of 2,000,000 yen, which is not less than 1,000,000 yen. So the condition does not hold, and it is N. The second condition is “period shortening less than 1 week”, and this proposal has a period shortening of 3 days. One week is 7 days, so 3 days does count as less than 1 week; the condition holds, and it is Y. Therefore （first condition, second condition）＝（N, Y）, and the matching column is the third from the left. Next, follow that column downward and read the row that has the ○: the ○ is in the “10,000 yen” row, so the reward for this improvement proposal is 10,000 yen. The basic way to use a decision table is these two steps: identify one column from the combination of Y／N values in the conditions, then read the row marked with ○ in that column.
Incorrectウ
The ○ for 15,000 yen is in the second column from the left, that is, the case （improvement amount less than 1,000,000 yen＝Y, period shortening less than 1 week＝N）. The combination in this question is （N, Y）, exactly the reverse, so this is the choice you end up picking if you mix up the Y and the N of the two conditions. A column of the table must be read with the upper and lower conditions taken together as a set, and the order of the conditions must not be swapped.
Incorrectエ
The ○ for 30,000 yen is in the fourth column from the left, that is, the case where neither condition holds: （improvement amount less than 1,000,000 yen＝N, period shortening less than 1 week＝N）. In this question the first condition is indeed N, but the period shortening of 3 days is shorter than 7 days （1 week）, so the second condition is Y. If you look at the short period of 3 days and misunderstand it as “the shortening is small, so the condition does not apply” and judge it as N, you fall for this choice.
ここがポイント
- How to read a decision table. In the upper half, the condition part, the combination of Y／N values in one vertical column represents one rule, and in the lower half, the action part, the ○ shows the processing carried out under that rule （here, the reward amount to be paid）. You find the answer by first identifying the one matching column from the combination of conditions, and then reading the row marked with ○ in that column.
- Judging a “less than” condition and matching the units. For “improvement amount less than 1,000,000 yen”, 2,000,000 yen does not apply, so it is N; for “period shortening less than 1 week”, 3 days is shorter than 1 week＝7 days, so it is Y. When the units differ, as with weeks and days, convert them to the same unit before comparing, and settle each Y／N one at a time with certainty — that is the key to getting the answer right.
用語