問62
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Web アクセシビリティの説明として, 適切なものはどれか。
平成23年度 秋期 ITパスポート試験 問62
テクノロジ系情報デザイン › 情報デザイン
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 62
Incorrectア
A marketing method that makes use of websites is a description of Web marketing (Internet marketing). It includes SEO to raise a site's ranking in search engines, search-keyword advertising and banner advertising, e-mail newsletters, and analysis of customer behavior through access-log analysis. These are sales-promotion techniques for increasing sales and attracting customers, so their purpose is completely different from the idea of accessibility, which is about letting everyone make use of information.
Incorrectイ
A mechanism for uniformly managing the design of Web pages is a description of style sheets (CSS). By separating appearance settings such as text size and color, margins, and layout from the HTML content and gathering them in one place, it unifies the design of the whole site and lets changes be made all at once (a CMS, which manages content and design centrally, is a mechanism in the same direction). Its aim is visual consistency and management efficiency; it is not a term that expresses the degree to which the range of people who can use something is widened.
- ウ
正解 Accessibility combines access (to come close to) and ability (being able to do), and it means the degree of ease of use, or how easy something is to approach. Applied to the Web, Web accessibility is the degree to which anyone — including elderly people and people with visual, hearing, or physical disabilities — can receive and send information through the Web, regardless of age, physical condition, or even the environment in which they use it. Concretely, it covers considerations such as adding alternative text (alt) to images so that they work with read-aloud software, conveying information with words or shapes instead of relying on color alone, letting the text size be changed, and making operation possible with the keyboard alone even when a mouse cannot be used. Therefore ウ, which states this definition just as it is, is the correct answer. Note also that accessibility is not a yes-or-no matter of whether something is supported; it is a concept grasped as a degree — how many people can use it — and this too matches the wording of ウ.
Incorrectエ
A mechanism in which the Web server starts a program based on what the user has entered and dynamically generates the displayed content is a description of server-side programs, typified by CGI (Common Gateway Interface). It is the technology that realizes pages whose content changes on every access — search-result pages, bulletin boards, shopping carts on shopping sites — and it is a mechanism concerning how Web pages are built. It has nothing to do with the concept of the degree to which anyone can send and receive information.
ここがポイント
- Web accessibility = the degree to which anyone can send and receive information via the Web, regardless of age, physical condition, or usage environment. Typical examples of such consideration are adding alternative text (alt), expressing information without relying on color alone, letting the text size be changed, and making operation possible with the keyboard alone. It is a concept grasped as a degree, not as a yes-or-no.
- Learn to tell apart the neighboring terms that are easy to confuse: usability is ease of use for a specific set of users, universal design is a design philosophy of making things usable by everyone from the outset, Web marketing is a sales-promotion technique, style sheets (CSS) are for unified management of design, and CGI is a mechanism for generating pages dynamically.
用語