問53
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Webページの見栄えをデザインするためのものはどれか。
平成24年度 春期 ITパスポート試験 問53
テクノロジ系情報デザイン › インタフェース設計
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 53
Incorrectア
A cookie is a small piece of data stored on the browser side at the instruction of a Web server; when the user next visits the same site, the browser sends it back to the server, which realizes user identification and session management. It is used to keep a user logged in, to retain the contents of a shopping cart, and to vary what is displayed based on site settings or browsing history. What it handles is remembering the user's state, not describing the appearance of a page.
- イ
正解 The correct answer is イ, CSS. CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets, a style sheet language used to specify the appearance (presentation) of a Web page. A Web page is originally built on a division of roles: HTML takes care of the structure and content of the document — headings, paragraphs, bulleted lists, tables — while CSS takes care of how each element is shown, that is, the font and size of the text, text color and background color, line spacing and margins, borders, the positioning and layout of elements, and switching the display according to the screen width. This separation of structure and appearance is the key point of CSS. For example, if you gather the design into an external file such as style.css and have each page load it, you can keep the look consistent across the whole site, and when you want to change the color scheme or the fonts you can fix just that one CSS file, without touching the HTML at all, and have it reflected on every page. As the name cascading (overlapping in stages) suggests, when several declarations conflict, the style that is applied is decided by a priority order based on where it is specified and on its specificity. Therefore, the one used to design the appearance of a Web page is イ.
Incorrectウ
CUI stands for Character User Interface, an operating style in which commands are typed in as characters from the keyboard and the results are also displayed as characters. It is a term contrasted with the GUI (Graphical User Interface), where icons and windows are operated with a mouse. It is not a technology for describing Web pages in the first place; it is merely a category name for the way a user and a device interact. It is not a means of designing the appearance of a Web page.
Incorrectエ
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is a protocol that encrypts the communication between a Web browser and a server (it is used together with its successor TLS, and communication that uses it is HTTPS). It prevents the content of the communication from being eavesdropped on or tampered with, and it lets you confirm by means of a server certificate that the site you are connected to is genuine; it is used to send passwords and credit card numbers safely. What it protects is the safety of the communication; it plays no part in the display design of the page.
ここがポイント
- The division of roles between HTML and CSS — HTML is responsible for the document structure and content, such as headings and paragraphs, while CSS is responsible for the appearance: text color, fonts, layout, margins, and so on. Separating the design into an external CSS file makes it easy to unify the design across the whole site and to change it all at once.
- Tell confusingly similar abbreviations apart by their roles — a cookie is data stored in the browser for user identification and session management, CUI is a character-based operating style (the counterpart concept to GUI), SSL is a security protocol that encrypts communication, and CSS is the style sheet language that specifies appearance.
用語