問56
頻出度★★☆
ネットワークを介して端末からの処理要求を受信し，即時に結果を返すシステムはどれか。
平成24年度 春期 ITパスポート試験 問56
テクノロジ系システム構成要素 › システムの構成
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 56
Incorrectア
An operating system (OS) is basic software that manages hardware resources (CPU, memory, input/output devices, files, and so on) and provides a common execution environment for application software. It is not a word that expresses a processing style (online versus batch, real time versus non-real time), nor is it a term for the operational form of a business system that receives terminal requests over a network and responds immediately.
- イ
正解 The correct answer is “イ Online real-time system”. Breaking the question into its three conditions: (1) receiving requests from terminals over a network = online (terminals and the central computer are directly connected by communication lines and exchange data on the spot); (2) receiving a processing request and processing it = immediate processing performed each time a request arrives; (3) returning the result immediately = real time (the time from request to response stays within a span that is acceptable for the business). The processing style that combines all three is exactly an online real-time system, and bank ATMs, seat reservation systems, POS registers, and credit card authorization checks are representative examples. The contrasting style is batch processing (accumulating data over a period and processing it together later), which does not return results immediately.
Incorrectウ
A database system is a mechanism that stores and manages data in one place and performs searching, updating, and the maintenance of consistency. It is often used inside an online real-time system, but by itself the term expresses how data is held and managed, not the processing style of receiving requests from terminals over a network and returning results immediately. Batch processing systems use databases as well.
Incorrectエ
A multimedia system refers to a system that integrates and handles several kinds of media, such as text, audio, still images, and video. It is a classification that focuses on the type of data handled, and it does not define response time or the form of communication with terminals, so it cannot serve as the term that explains the condition of returning results immediately.
ここがポイント
- Online real-time system = online (terminals and the central equipment are linked by communication lines, and requests are sent on the spot) + real time (each request is processed as it arrives and answered immediately within an allowable time). ATMs, seat reservation, POS, and credit authorization checks are typical examples.
- The opposite concept is batch processing (a style that accumulates a certain volume or a certain period of data and processes it together, such as payroll calculation or monthly totals). For questions that ask about processing styles, first separate them by whether the response is immediate or the work is accumulated and processed together later.
- Note that operating system, database system, and multimedia system are classifications by basic software, by data management mechanism, and by the kind of media handled, respectively, which is a different axis from the classification of processing style (online, real time, batch).
用語