問67
頻出度★☆☆
HTML に関する記述として, 適切なものはどれか。
平成24年度 春期 ITパスポート試験 問67
テクノロジ系アルゴリズムとプログラミング › その他の言語
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 67
- ア
正解 The correct answer is ア. HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is a markup language for describing the content of a Web page. A markup language is a language in which marks called “tags” are embedded in the text of a document to show what meaning or role each part has. In HTML, tags such as h1 for headings, p for paragraphs, ul/li for bulleted lists, table for tables, and a for hyperlinks are used to specify the logical structure of a Web page (which part is a heading and which part is the body text). In addition, images can be embedded with the img tag, and the layout of the display can also be described through settings for tables and positioning. Therefore ア, “It is a markup language that uses tags to specify the logical structure and layout of a Web page”, is an appropriate description of HTML. Note that in today's practice it is standard to separate the visual layout into CSS (style sheets), but this question asks about the basic nature of HTML as a “markup language that uses tags”, so ア is the correct answer.
Incorrectイ
“A scripting language for describing the processing that runs in a browser” describes JavaScript. JavaScript is a programming language for writing the steps of processing executed on the browser side (the client side), such as input validation or reacting to button clicks, and its role differs from that of HTML, which indicates the structure of a document with tags. HTML is not a language for describing the steps of a program, so this option is wrong.
Incorrectウ
“The protocol used for communication between a browser and a Web server” describes HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol). HTTP is the communication rule for exchanging things such as pages written in HTML, and it belongs to a different layer from HTML, which describes the content of a page. The names look alike and are easy to confuse, so keep the distinction clear: HTML is a language, while HTTP is a protocol.
Incorrectエ
“A markup language that lets users define their own tags to describe the meaning and structure of data” describes XML. The kinds of tags that can be used in HTML are fixed in advance by the specification, and users cannot freely define new tags. Being able to define tags freely and give meaning to data is exactly the characteristic of XML and the point where it differs from HTML, so this option is wrong.
ここがポイント
- HTML is a markup language that uses tags to specify the logical structure and layout of a Web page. The tags that can be used are fixed by the specification, and users cannot define their own.
- Telling apart the confusable related terms: HTML = a markup language for describing a page / XML = a markup language in which you can define your own tags to describe the meaning and structure of data / JavaScript = a scripting language that runs in the browser / HTTP = the communication protocol between a browser and a Web server.
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