問38
頻出度★★★
システム開発の初期の段階で，ユーザと開発者との仕様の認識の違いなどを確認するために，システムの機能の一部やユーザインタフェースなどを試作し，ユーザや開発者がこれを評価することによって曖昧さを取り除くシステム開発モデルはどれか。
平成27年度 秋期 ITパスポート試験 問38
マネジメント系ソフトウェア開発管理技術 › 開発プロセス・手法
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 38
Incorrectア
The waterfall model proceeds through the steps of requirements definition, design, implementation, and testing in order from upstream to downstream without going back. It has no stage of building a prototype and evaluating it partway through, so it does not fit this question's description of interactively removing ambiguity in the early stage.
Incorrectイ
Object orientation is a way of thinking (a design and programming method) that groups data and its processing together as “objects” to design and develop; it is not a development process model that removes ambiguity in the specifications by building a prototype.
Incorrectウ
The Common Frame (SLCP) is a standardized “common framework (yardstick)” that lets the client and the developers share a common understanding of the work content and terminology involved in software development; it is not a concrete development model that builds a prototype and evaluates it.
- エ
正解 The correct answer is “エ Prototyping.” In the prototyping model, a prototype of part of the system's functions or the screens (user interface) is built early in the initial stage of development, and users and developers actually run and evaluate it. By confirming things with each other in a visible form, gaps and ambiguities in the understanding of the specifications—which documents alone cannot resolve—can be found and removed early. This matches exactly the stem's wording of “building a prototype” and “removing ambiguity by evaluating it.”
ここがポイント
- Prototyping model = a development method in which a prototype is built early in development and users and developers evaluate it, removing gaps and ambiguities in the understanding of the specifications at an early stage.
- Grasp how to distinguish the representative development models: waterfall (advancing through the steps in order) versus prototyping (building and evaluating a prototype); and note that object orientation (a design method) and the Common Frame (a standard framework) are, from the start, in a different category from the classification of development models.
用語