問8
頻出度★☆☆
システム構築の流れを, 企画プロセス, 要件定義プロセス, 開発プロセス, 運用プロセス, 保守プロセスに分けたとき, 企画プロセスにおいて実施する作業として適切なものはどれか。
平成27年度 春期 ITパスポート試験 問8
ストラテジ系システム企画 › システム化計画
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 8
- ア
正解 The correct answer is ア. The planning process sits at the very front of system development; it is the stage where you decide what the system is being built for in the first place. Based on the management strategy and business goals, you investigate the current state of the target business to be systematized, analyze its problems, and define the issues to be resolved through systematization (the purpose, scope, and expected effects of the system). The result is compiled as a system concept and a systematization plan, which become the input to the following requirements definition process. ア describes exactly this flow of analyzing business problems and then defining the issues to be resolved, so it is an appropriate task for the planning process.
Incorrectイ
Identifying and defining the needs, requests, and constraints of stakeholders is a task of the requirements definition process, which comes after the planning process. Taking over the issues and purposes decided in the planning process, it makes the business requirements and system requirements concrete.
Incorrectウ
Concretely setting performance evaluation criteria such as response time and processing time corresponds to defining non-functional (performance) requirements in the requirements definition process, and to the system architecture design and system test acceptance criteria that follow in the development process. The planning process is the stage for deciding why the system is to be built at all, that is, its purpose and the issues to be resolved, and it does not go as far as numeric performance targets.
Incorrectエ
Documenting requirements such as software performance and security specifications is a task of the development process (software requirements definition and so on). It is much further downstream than the planning process and is already at the level of the means of implementation.
ここがポイント
- Planning process = the most upstream stage where, based on the management strategy, you analyze the problems of the target business and define the issues to be resolved together with the purpose and scope of systematization (drawing up the system concept and the systematization plan).
- Using the Common Frame flow of planning to requirements definition to development to operation to maintenance, distinguish what each stage decides: planning = purposes and issues, requirements definition = stakeholder needs and requirements (including non-functional requirements such as performance), development = specifications, implementation, and the acceptance criteria for performance and quality, operation = stable running and service delivery, maintenance = improvements and corrections.
用語