問10
頻出度★★☆
受注生産方式と見込生産方式を比較した場合の受注生産方式の特徴として, 適切なものはどれか。
平成28年度 秋期 ITパスポート試験 問10
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 10
- ア
正解 In the make-to-order production method, production begins only after a customer's order is received. Because finished products are not made and stocked in advance, there is no risk of unsold goods (excess inventory); on the other hand, at the moment an order is received the product is not yet finished and cannot be shipped on the spot (one must wait for the production lead time). Choice ア correctly describes this characteristic of make-to-order production — immediate shipment is not possible, but there is no excess-inventory risk — so it is the correct answer.
Incorrectイ
Raising the accuracy of demand (order) forecasting to keep finished-product inventory at an appropriate level is the kind of control required by the make-to-stock method, which produces goods in advance based on forecasts. Because make-to-order production makes goods only after an order is received, it holds no finished-product inventory in the first place and does not rely on forecast accuracy.
Incorrectウ
The risk of missing order opportunities due to insufficient inventory is a characteristic of the make-to-stock method, in which sales depend on the amount of finished-product inventory. Since make-to-order production produces goods only after an order is received, the situation of losing sales opportunities from stockouts does not arise.
Incorrectエ
Producing according to a production plan drawn up based on order forecasts is precisely the make-to-stock method itself. Make-to-order production produces based on confirmed orders rather than forecasts, which is the exact opposite.
ここがポイント
- Make-to-order = produce only after receiving an order. Because it holds no finished-product inventory, there is no excess-inventory risk; but on the other hand it cannot ship immediately and requires a production lead time.
- Make-to-stock = produce and stock in advance based on demand forecasts. It can ship immediately, but depends on forecast accuracy and bears the risks of excess inventory and stockouts (lost order opportunities). The strengths and weaknesses of the two are two sides of the same coin.
用語