問46
頻出度★★★
ソフトウェア開発モデルには, ウォータフォールモデル, スパイラルモデル, プロトタイピングモデル, RAD などがある。ウォータフォールモデルの特徴の説明として, 最も適切なものはどれか。
平成28年度 秋期 ITパスポート試験 問46
マネジメント系ソフトウェア開発管理技術 › 開発プロセス・手法
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 46
- ア
正解 The Waterfall model is a sequential development method that advances the development phases—requirements definition → design → programming → testing—in one direction, from upstream to downstream. Its greatest characteristic is that all the work to be done in a given phase is completed and the deliverables are finalized before it proceeds to the next phase, and in principle it does not go back to a previous phase. Choice ア, “all work that should be done in a development phase is completed before proceeding to the next phase,” accurately expresses this characteristic and is the correct answer.
Incorrectイ
Dividing the functions to be developed and advancing development quickly by using development tools and components is a characteristic of RAD (Rapid Application Development). It is not a description of the Waterfall model.
Incorrectウ
Creating a visible prototype at an early stage of development and having users confirm the requirements is a characteristic of the Prototyping model. Because the Waterfall model advances the phases in order as a whole, this description does not apply.
Incorrectエ
Dividing functions and repeatedly performing design and development while responding to feedback from users, so as to gradually complete the system, is a characteristic of the Spiral model. It is premised on iteration and refinement, which differs from the sequential Waterfall model that does not go backward.
ここがポイント
- Waterfall model = a sequential method that advances the phases in order starting from requirements definition, moving to the next phase only after each one is completed (in principle, no going back).
- Distinguishing from other models: RAD = rapid development using tools/components; Prototyping = confirming requirements early with a prototype; Spiral = completing in stages through iteration.
用語