問50
頻出度★★★
システム開発プロジェクトの工程を,システム要件定義,システム設計,プログラミング,テストの順に進めるとき,a～dのうち,品質の管理を実施する必要がある工程として,適切なものだけを全て挙げたものはどれか。 a システム要件定義 b システム設計 c プログラミング d テスト
平成28年度 春期 ITパスポート試験 問50
マネジメント系システム開発技術 › システム開発技術
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 50
- ア
正解 The correct answer is ア (a,b,c,d). Quality is not something ensured only in the testing phase; the basic idea of quality management is to build quality in across all phases — system requirements definition, system design, programming, and testing. In particular, defects in the upstream phases (requirements definition and design) cause greater rework and correction costs in later phases, so reviews and quality checks must be carried out in every phase, ensuring quality phase by phase. Therefore the phases in which quality management should be carried out are all of a to d, and ア, which lists exactly these without excess or omission, is appropriate.
Incorrectイ
This option, as b,c,d, excludes system requirements definition (a), but requirements definition is the most upstream and most important phase for building in quality. Errors or omissions in the requirements here spread to all later phases, so quality management is indispensable. Excluding a is wrong.
Incorrectウ
This option, as c,d, excludes system requirements definition (a) and system design (b), but it is precisely the upstream phases where quality management matters. If quality checks (such as reviews) are neglected in the design stage, defects flow downstream. Excluding a and b is wrong.
Incorrectエ
This option, as d, lists only testing, but testing is not a phase that builds quality in; it is a phase that detects and confirms the quality already built in. Relying on testing alone means upstream defects are found later, increasing correction costs. Quality management is needed in all phases, so testing alone is wrong.
ここがポイント
- Build quality in throughout all phases: quality management is carried out not only in the testing phase but in all development phases starting from requirements definition. Testing is not where quality is built in but where it is detected and confirmed.
- The more upstream, the more important: defects in upstream phases such as requirements definition and design lead to larger rework and correction costs in later phases, so quality management from an early stage (reviews, etc.) is especially important.
用語