問4
頻出度★★☆
システムのライフサイクルを, 企画プロセス, 要件定義プロセス, 開発プロセス, 運用・保守プロセスに分けたとき, 業務を実現させるためのシステムの機能を明らかにするプロセスとして, 適切なものはどれか。
平成29年度 春期 ITパスポート試験 問4
ストラテジ系システム企画 › 要件定義
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 4
Incorrectア
The planning process is the stage where management needs and issues are analyzed to establish the system-development concept and overall plan, and the broad framework—such as the target operations and the return on investment—is decided. Clarifying the individual system functions in detail is the work of the next requirements definition process; at this stage the functions are not yet detailed.
- イ
正解 In the system life cycle, the requirements definition process takes over the system-development concept and plan established in the planning process and, from the user's point of view, concretely clarifies the requirements—such as the functions (functional requirements) and performance that the system must have in order to actually realize the business operations. The process the question asks about, the one that clarifies the system functions needed to realize the business operations, corresponds exactly to this requirements definition process, and the requirements fixed here become the foundation for the design and construction in the subsequent development process. Therefore the correct answer is イ.
Incorrectウ
The development process is the stage where, based on the functions and performance clarified in the requirements definition process, the system is designed, programmed, and tested to actually build it. It is not the stage that clarifies the functions but the stage that realizes the already-decided requirements, so it does not apply.
Incorrectエ
The operation and maintenance process is the stage where the completed and running system is actually operated, and maintenance such as fault handling and function modification is carried out. It is the final phase of the system life cycle, not the stage where the functions needed for the business operations are first clarified.
ここがポイント
- Within the system life cycle (planning → requirements definition → development → operation and maintenance), the one that clarifies the functions and performance required of the system in order to realize the business operations is the requirements definition process.
- Distinguish and remember the role of each process: planning is concept and planning, development is design, construction, and testing, and operation and maintenance is operation and modification after the system goes live.
用語