問30
頻出度★★☆
バリューエンジニアリングでは, 消費者の立場から, 製品が有する機能と製品に要する総コストの比率で製品の価値を評価する。バリューエンジニアリングの観点での総コストの説明として, 適切なものはどれか。
平成29年度 春期 ITパスポート試験 問30
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 30
Incorrectア
‘The cost required for research and development of new functions’ is the R&D cost that the producer spends to create new functions; it is unrelated to the total cost that the consumer bears in the process of purchasing, using, and disposing of the product.
- イ
正解 Value Engineering (VE) is a method that evaluates a product’s value as ‘value = function ÷ cost,’ and this question specifically states that the evaluation is made ‘from the consumer’s standpoint.’ For the consumer, the cost is not only the purchase price but the whole-life cost — which also includes electricity charges, consumables, and maintenance costs during use, plus the cost incurred up to disposal — that is, the life cycle cost. Choice イ, ‘the cost required from the time the consumer purchases the product until it is used and disposed of,’ expresses this life cycle cost itself, and is therefore an appropriate explanation of total cost from the perspective of VE.
Incorrectウ
‘The cost required for manufacturing, consisting of the product’s material cost plus labor cost and overhead’ is the manufacturing cost, i.e., the production cost seen from the producer’s standpoint. It is not the life cycle cost grasped from the consumer’s standpoint, so it is inappropriate as an explanation of total cost from the perspective of VE.
Incorrectエ
‘The cost required for procuring and processing the materials used to manufacture the product’ is merely a part of the manufacturing cost — namely material and processing costs — and, moreover, it is a cost on the producer’s side. It does not represent the total cost that the consumer bears through use and disposal.
ここがポイント
- Value Engineering (VE) evaluates a product’s value as ‘value = function ÷ cost,’ and the cost from the consumer’s standpoint refers to the life cycle cost from purchase through use and disposal.
- Manufacturing cost (material, labor, and overhead) and R&D cost are costs on the producer’s side, and must be distinguished from the consumer’s total cost as referred to in VE.
用語