問37
頻出度★★★
開発対象のソフトウェアを，比較的短い期間で開発できる小さな機能の単位に分割しておき，各機能の開発が終了するたびにそれをリリースすることを繰り返すことで，ソフトウェアを完成させる。一つの機能の開発終了時に，次の開発対象とする機能の優先順位や内容を見直すことで，ビジネス環境の変化や利用者からの要望に対して，迅速に対応できることに主眼を置く開発手法はどれか。
令和2年度 ITパスポート試験 問37
マネジメント系ソフトウェア開発管理技術 › 開発プロセス・手法
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 37
- ア
正解 The correct answer is “ア Agile”. Agile development divides software into small functional units that can each be built in a short period, then repeatedly develops and releases them (iterations), gradually approaching completion. Because the priority and content of the next function to build can be reviewed at the boundary of each iteration, it can respond quickly to changes in the business environment and to requests from users. The features raised in the stem — “division into small units”, “iterative release”, and “adapting to change by reviewing priorities” — all match the core ideas of Agile.
Incorrectイ
The Waterfall model is a development method that proceeds through phases in order from upstream to downstream — requirements definition → design → implementation → testing — and in principle does not return to a previous phase. Because the plan is fixed at the outset and the software is completed all at once, it is the exact opposite of the stem's focus on reviewing priorities and content midway through development to respond quickly to change.
Incorrectウ
The structured method is a technique for organizing and designing a program by dividing processing step by step into functions (functional decomposition); it is not a process methodology whose focus is iteration of the overall development or quick response to change. Its concern differs from the iterative release and priority review described in the stem.
Incorrectエ
Reverse engineering is a technology for analyzing existing software or products to clarify their specifications, design, and structure. It is unrelated to the stem's content of iteratively developing new functions to reach completion, and it is not a development-process methodology.
ここがポイント
- Agile development = a method that divides software into small functional units, repeats development and release in short iterations, and reviews priorities as needed to respond quickly to change.
- Contrast: Waterfall is a non-iterative type that proceeds through phases in order, the structured method is a design technique of functional decomposition, and reverse engineering is a technology for analyzing existing artifacts — none of them is “iterative development whose focus is quick adaptation to change”.
用語