問14
頻出度★★☆
ソフトウェアライフサイクルを, 企画プロセス, 要件定義プロセス, 開発プロセス, 運用プロセスに分けるとき, システム化計画を踏まえて, 利用者及び他の利害関係者が必要とするシステムの機能を明確にし, 合意を形成するプロセスはどれか。
令和3年度 ITパスポート試験 問14
ストラテジ系システム企画 › 要件定義
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 14
Incorrectア
The planning process is the earlier stage that, based on business needs, develops the systemization concept and produces the systemization plan. It is the stage that generates the plan serving as the “input (premise)” for requirements definition; it is not the stage where the individual system functions required by users are clarified and an agreement is formed, so it is wrong.
- イ
正解 The correct answer is イ, the “requirements definition process.” In the common frame (software life cycle), the planning process first draws up the systemization concept and the systemization plan, and then the process moves on to the requirements definition process. Based on the systemization plan, the requirements definition process is the stage where the functions and performance that stakeholders—such as users, operators, and the client—require of the system are identified and clarified, and where an agreement (agreement on requirements) meaning “this is acceptable” is formed among the parties involved. The question’s wording, “clarify the required functions and form an agreement,” is exactly the purpose of the requirements definition process itself, so イ is correct.
Incorrectウ
The development process is the stage that, based on the finalized requirements, performs design, programming, and testing to actually build the system. It does not “clarify and agree on the required functions”; rather, it is the stage that “realizes” the already-agreed requirements, so it is wrong.
Incorrectエ
The operation process is the stage that runs the completed and deployed system in the production environment and keeps maintaining and monitoring it. It comes in the later part of the life cycle and is not the stage for clarifying functions or forming an agreement, so it is wrong.
ここがポイント
- The flow of the common frame (software life cycle) = planning → requirements definition → development → operation. The requirements definition process is the stage that, based on the systemization plan, clarifies the functions required by users and stakeholders and forms the “agreement on requirements.”
- Distinguish the purpose of each process: planning = drawing up the systemization plan; requirements definition = clarifying the required functions and reaching agreement; development = design and implementation; operation = running and maintenance.
用語