問41
頻出度★★★
クラスや継承という概念を利用して, ソフトウェアを部品化したり再利用することで, ソフトウェア開発の生産性向上を図る手法として, 適切なものはどれか。
令和3年度 ITパスポート試験 問41
マネジメント系ソフトウェア開発管理技術 › 開発プロセス・手法
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 41
- ア
正解 The correct answer is ア, Object orientation. Object orientation is the idea of bundling data (attributes) together with the procedures that operate on them (methods) as an object, and defining shared properties as a class. Inheritance, a keyword in the question, is a mechanism for creating a new class by taking over the attributes and methods of an existing class, so that shared parts are reused while only the differences are added. Through this use of classes and inheritance, software can be reused as parts (objects), which leads to higher productivity and maintainability in development. The terms the question lists, class, inheritance, componentization, and reuse, are all hallmark terms of object orientation, so ア is the most appropriate.
Incorrectイ
The structured method (structured approach) focuses on the flow of processing, describing a program with sequence, selection, and iteration control structures and dividing functions step by step. It does not use the concepts of class or inheritance that bundle data and procedures together, and its framework for componentization and reuse differs from the intent of the question, so it is incorrect.
Incorrectウ
The process-centered approach carries out analysis and design with the processing (processes) that the system performs at its core. Its focus is on processing rather than classes or inheritance, and it does not aim at componentization and reuse on a per-object basis, so it is incorrect.
Incorrectエ
Prototyping is a development process model in which a trial product (prototype) is built at an early stage and requirements are firmed up while having users confirm it; it is a concept about how to proceed with development. Its subject differs from componentization and reuse based on classes and inheritance, so it is incorrect.
ここがポイント
- Object orientation is the idea of turning software into parts (objects) through concepts such as class, inheritance, and encapsulation, thereby improving reusability, productivity, and maintainability. When keywords like class and inheritance appear, think object orientation.
- Organize and be able to distinguish it from the structured method (dividing processing), the process-centered approach (analysis focused on processing), and prototyping (a development process using trial products).
用語