問97
頻出度★★★
複数のコンピュータが同じ内容のデータを保持し，各コンピュータがデータの正当性を検証して担保することによって，矛盾なくデータを改ざんすることが困難となる，暗号資産の基盤技術として利用されている分散型台帳を実現したものはどれか。
令和3年度 ITパスポート試験 問97
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 97
Incorrectア
Cloud computing refers to using computing resources such as servers and storage as a service over the Internet. It is a way of delivering data management, not a distributed-ledger mechanism in which many nodes mutually verify the same ledger to make tampering difficult.
Incorrectイ
Deep learning is a machine-learning method that uses multi-layer neural networks and is used for tasks such as image recognition and speech recognition. It has nothing to do with preventing data tampering or with distributed ledgers, and it is not the foundational technology of crypto-assets.
- ウ
正解 The correct answer is “ウ Blockchain.” A blockchain is a “distributed ledger” technology that groups transaction data into fixed units (blocks), links them in chronological order, and has many computers (nodes) on the network hold copies of them in a distributed way. Because every node holds the same ledger and the nodes mutually verify the validity of the data, any attempt to tamper with part of the data creates inconsistencies with the many other copies and with the chained cryptographic hashes, making rewriting extremely difficult. It is used as the foundational technology of crypto-assets (virtual currencies) such as Bitcoin, and it matches the description in the stem exactly.
Incorrectエ
A relational database manages data in table form and is usually managed centrally by a specific administrator or server. It does not have the distributed-ledger property in which many nodes mutually verify one another to make tampering difficult.
ここがポイント
- Blockchain = a distributed-ledger technology that turns transaction data into blocks and chains them together, held in a distributed way and mutually verified by many nodes; it is also the foundational technology of crypto-assets.
- Because the same data is held in a distributed way and each node verifies its validity, tampering with the data becomes extremely difficult — this is the essential characteristic of blockchain.
用語