問81
頻出度★★★
HDD を廃棄するときに, HDD からの情報漏えい防止策として, 適切なものだけを全て挙げたものはどれか。 a データ消去用ソフトウェアを利用し, ランダムなデータを HDD の全ての領域に複数回書き込む。 b ドリルやメディアシュレッダーなどを用いて HDD を物理的に破壊する。 c ファイルを消去した後, HDD の論理フォーマットを行う。
令和5年度 ITパスポート試験 問81
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 81
- ア
正解 Only measures a and b are appropriate, so the answer is “ア”, which lists “a, b”. In a, data-erasure software writes random data to all areas of the HDD multiple times (data wiping); this leaves none of the original data and makes recovery extremely difficult. In b, a drill or media shredder physically destroys the recording medium itself, making reading impossible. Both reliably eliminate the actual data and make it unrecoverable, so they are effective measures against information leakage at disposal. By contrast, c (a logical format) only initializes the file management information (the index), leaving the actual data on the disk, so it could be read out by commercially available recovery software and is not appropriate. Therefore only a and b are appropriate, and “ア” is correct.
Incorrectイ
“a, b, c”. Wrong because it includes the inappropriate c. A logical format only erases the management information; the actual data remains and can be recovered, so it does not work as a measure to prevent information leakage.
Incorrectウ
“a, c”. A double error: it excludes the effective physical destruction b while including c, which is recoverable and inappropriate. It both lacks an appropriate measure and mixes in an inappropriate one.
Incorrectエ
“b, c”. It excludes the effective data wipe a and includes c, which is recoverable and inappropriate. Because it drops the appropriate measure a and keeps the inappropriate c, it is wrong.
ここがポイント
- Deleting files or performing a logical format only manipulates the management information; the actual data remains on the disk and can be read out by recovery software. Reliably preventing information leakage requires either “overwriting all areas multiple times (data wiping)” or “physical destruction”.
- For the “list all and only the appropriate items” type of question, judge the correctness of each item (a–c) one by one, then choose the option that matches the combination of appropriate items.
用語