問3
頻出度★★☆
未来のある時点に目標を設定し，そこを起点に現在を振り返り，目標実現のために現在すべきことを考える方法を表す用語として，最も適切なものはどれか。
令和6年度 ITパスポート試験 問3
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 3
Incorrectア
PoC (Proof of Concept) is an effort to verify, through a prototype or small-scale experiment, whether a new idea or technology is feasible. It is not a way of thinking that works backward from the future to decide what to do now, so it is incorrect.
Incorrectイ
PoV (Proof of Value) is an effort to verify whether a product or service actually delivers business value and benefits. It differs from the idea of looking back at the present starting from the future, so it is incorrect.
- ウ
正解 The correct answer is 'ウ Backcasting'. Backcasting is a way of thinking in which you first set a future goal (the desired state) of 'how we want things to be in the future', and then trace time backward from that future to the present to work out 'what we should do now in order to achieve the goal'. It matches exactly the stem's description of 'setting a goal at some future point in time and looking back at the present from there'. It is used when considering how to achieve ambitious goals that are hard to reach by merely extending the current situation (such as decarbonization or the SDGs).
Incorrectエ
Forecasting predicts the future starting from past-to-present results and trends; it is a way of thinking in the opposite direction from backcasting. Its starting point is 'the present', which contradicts the stem's condition of 'looking back starting from a future goal', so it is incorrect.
ここがポイント
- Backcasting = a way of thinking that first sets a future goal and then works backward from it to the present to derive 'what to do now'.
- Its antonym, forecasting = a way of thinking that predicts the future starting from present and past data. The two are distinguished by their starting point (future vs. present).
用語