Learn in the textbookData Science and Modeling & Simulation
DefinitionModeling (モデル化) means choosing only the elements your purpose requires and representing a real-world subject in simple form with formulas or diagrams.
ExplanationThe real thing is too complex to handle as it is, and both analysis and experiments would take too much effort. So you narrow down the elements, accepting that whatever you leave out remains as a gap from reality. Whether to include chance is also a design decision made at this stage.
AnalogyPicture a subway map, which drops distance and terrain and keeps only the order of stations and the transfers.
Memory hookIt is the same "model" as in a plastic model kit, and the word originally meant a scale replica.