問51
頻出度★★★
プロジェクトのコスト管理, 進捗管理, 品質管理に関する記述 a～d のうち, 進捗管理に関する記述だけを全て挙げたものはどれか。 a 成果物に不具合があったとき, その修正内容が仕様どおりであることを確認する。 b 成果物の手直しなどの問題対策が予算超過につながらないことを確認する。 c 総合テストの開始までに発注先から成果物が納品されることを確認する。 d マイルストーンで予定どおりに成果物が作成されたことを確認する。
平成23年度 秋期 ITパスポート試験 問51
マネジメント系プロジェクトマネジメント › プロジェクトマネジメント
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 51
Incorrectア
This is the combination of a and b, but neither one is progress management. Item a confirms that the content of the correction conforms to the specifications; its reference point is the required specification, that is, whether the deliverable meets the required quality, so it is quality management. Item b confirms that the measures do not lead to a budget overrun; its reference point is cost, so it is cost management. It contains none of the progress-management descriptions c and d, so it is completely wrong.
Incorrectイ
Item c is a check on the delivery date, so as progress management it is correct, but b is wrong. Item b confirms that countermeasures for problems such as reworking deliverables do not lead to budget overruns; what it looks at is cost, not the schedule, so it is classified as cost management. In addition, d, which is progress management, is missing, so the option does not satisfy the condition of listing all and only the descriptions related to progress management.
Incorrectウ
Item d is a comparison against the plan at a milestone, so as progress management it is correct, but b is cost management (it checks whether a budget overrun occurs), so mixing it in is wrong. Furthermore, c, which is progress management, is missing, so the option is inappropriate on both sides of the all-and-only condition: it includes an extra item and it leaves one out.
- エ
正解 The correct answer is (エ) c, d. The trick to judging is to look at what each description checks against. Item c confirms that the deliverables are delivered by the supplier before the system test begins, so its reference point is the delivery date, that is, the schedule. Because it looks at whether the work (the delivery) is completed by the planned date, it falls under progress management. Item d confirms that the deliverables were created as scheduled at the milestone, so its reference point is the planned schedule. A milestone is an intermediate target point placed at a turning point of the process, and measuring the gap between actual results and the plan there is exactly a typical activity of progress management. Therefore only the two descriptions c and d relate to progress management, and (エ), which lists all of them, is the correct answer.
ここがポイント
- The viewpoint of separating what a project manages. Progress (schedule) management looks at whether work and deliverables are completed by the planned dates, cost management looks at whether costs stay within the budget, and quality management looks at whether deliverables meet the required specifications and quality standards. Finding whether the reference a description compares against is a date, an amount of money, or a specification is the decisive clue for telling them apart.
- A milestone is an intermediate target point that marks a turning point in the process; comparing the plan with actual results there in order to detect delays early is a basic means of progress management. Schedule charts such as the Gantt Chart are used for the same purpose.
- In questions of the type that ask for all and only the applicable items, you need to confirm both that no correct element is missing and that no element from another category has slipped in.
用語