問16
頻出度★★★
企業経営の意思決定を支援するために, 目的別に編成された, 時系列データの集まりを何というか。
平成26年度 秋期 ITパスポート試験 問16
ストラテジ系企業活動 › 業務分析・データ利活用
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 16
- ア
正解 The correct answer is “ア Data warehouse”. A data warehouse (DWH) is a large-scale database that integrates business data scattered across a company’s core operational systems, organizes it by subject (purpose), and accumulates it over time in order to support management decision-making (BI). The three keywords in the question — “supports decision-making” (the aim is analysis and management judgment, not day-to-day transaction processing), “organized by purpose” (subject-oriented, for example arranged by customer or by product), and “a collection of time-series data” (non-volatile and time-based: past data is kept rather than deleted and keeps accumulating along a time axis) — all match the defining characteristics of a data warehouse. Therefore ア is correct.
Incorrectイ
A data center is a facility (a building and its equipment) where servers and network devices are consolidated, installed and operated. It is a “place” equipped with air conditioning, power supply, earthquake resistance and security — not a concept about the data itself, such as a collection of time-series data organized by purpose.
Incorrectウ
A data flow diagram (DFD) is a diagramming technique that represents the flow of data in a business or system using four symbols: data flow, process, data store and external entity (a modeling method used in business analysis and requirements definition). It is a “diagram” that expresses a design, not a collection of accumulated data.
Incorrectエ
Data mining refers to an “analytical method or activity”: analyzing large volumes of accumulated data with statistical analysis or machine-learning techniques to dig out useful insights such as correlations and patterns. It is an operation performed on data stored in a data warehouse, not a term for the collection of data itself.
ここがポイント
- Data warehouse = an integrated database that is organized by subject (purpose) and accumulated and retained as time series in order to support decision-making. The axis of contrast is that an operational (core business) database is meant for “day-to-day processing”, whereas a DWH is meant for “analysis”.
- Distinguishing the confusable “data …” terms: data warehouse = the container where data is stored; data mining = the analytical technique that digs insights out of the stored data; data center = the facility where equipment is installed; data flow diagram = the diagramming technique that depicts the flow of data.
用語