問10
頻出度★★☆
特許戦略を策定する上で重要な“特許ポートフォリオ”について述べたものはどれか。
令和4年度 ITパスポート試験 問10
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 10
- ア
正解 The correct answer is ア. A “patent portfolio” treats the patents a company holds or has applied for as a single collection of assets, and analyzes and organizes them from perspectives such as how each contributes to the business, what synergies (mutually reinforcing effects) exist among the patents, and which fields they are expected to be applied to in the future. Choice ア states exactly this definition, and it serves as the foundation for formulating a patent strategy (the policy on which technologies to apply for, hold, and utilize).
Incorrectイ
This describes the pattern by which patent applications rise and fall as innovation progresses (Abernathy and Utterback’s A-U model). It merely states the phenomenon that in the early stage of technological innovation, product innovation increases applications, and once a product that dominates the market appears, innovation shifts to process innovation and applications decrease. It is not a description of a “portfolio” formed by analyzing and organizing patents.
Incorrectウ
This describes PPM (Product Portfolio Management). It is a business analysis method that plots the positions of one’s own company and competitors on a matrix with market share and market growth rate as its two axes. Although it shares the word “portfolio,” its subject is businesses and products, not patents, and it is a different thing from a patent portfolio.
Incorrectエ
This describes cross-licensing (mutual grant of working rights). It is an arrangement in which multiple patent holders grant one another the right to work the patents they each hold. Although it is a means of utilizing patents and avoiding disputes, it is not the definition of a “patent portfolio” itself, which is formed by analyzing and organizing the patents held.
ここがポイント
- A patent portfolio is a compilation of the patents a company holds and applies for, analyzed and organized from perspectives such as their contribution to the business, the synergies among patents, and future fields of application. It forms the foundation for formulating a patent strategy.
- Do not confuse it with the word “portfolio” or with the patent-related distractor choices (PPM, cross-licensing, the A-U model).
用語