問11
頻出度★★★
業務プロセスのモデルを説明したものはどれか。
平成21年度 春期 ITパスポート試験 問11
ストラテジ系システム戦略 › 業務プロセス
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 11
Incorrectア
This describes a design document for writing programs (an internal design document, a program specification, and so on). What it expresses is not the flow of the business but the data structures and functions handled by the software being built, and it belongs to the downstream part of the development process. A business process model depicts the business itself at a stage before such design begins, so it does not apply.
Incorrectイ
This describes an RFP (request for proposal). It is a procurement document that gathers the requirements, budget, delivery date, preconditions, and so on that vendors need in order to submit proposals when system development is outsourced; it is not a model that diagrams business activities and data flows.
- ウ
正解 The correct answer is ウ. A business process model is a visible diagram that shows, for the business (operations) to be systemized, what tasks (activities) are performed, in what order, and what data flows between them. Choice ウ, “a document that clearly shows the business activities and data flows targeted for systemization”, is exactly this definition, and the glossary terms DFD (data flow diagram: shows data flows and processing) and BPMN (expresses business flows in a unified notation) are its typical examples. Its aim is to turn the current business (As-Is) and the desired business (To-Be) into a shared understanding among all stakeholders, and to clarify the scope of business improvement and systemization. The key point is that a business process model expresses “how the business is done” rather than “how the program is built”: it is a deliverable of the upstream side of development (planning and requirements definition).
Incorrectエ
This describes a document that sets out the structure for carrying out the development, operation, and maintenance of a system (a project plan, rules for system management, and the like). What it records are resources such as the organization, personnel, and facilities; it does not express business activities or data flows, so it is not a business process model.
ここがポイント
- A business process model = a diagram of the flow of tasks (activities) and the flow of data in the business targeted for systemization. Its typical notations are DFD and BPMN, used to visualize the current business and as a common language for business improvement and requirements definition.
- Distinguish easily confused documents by “what they take as their subject”. A business process model = the activities and data flows of the business; a design document = the data and functions of the program; an RFP = the conditions of the request for proposal when outsourcing; a project plan and the like = the organization and resources for development, operation, and maintenance.
用語