問9
頻出度★★★
物流や販売などの部門ごとに散在していた, 過去から現在までの全社のデータを統合して管理することによって, 経営戦略の立案に役立てる仕組みはどれか。
平成22年度 秋期 ITパスポート試験 問9
ストラテジ系企業活動 › 業務分析・データ利活用
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 9
- ア
正解 The correct answer is ア, Data warehouse. A data warehouse (DWH) is a database (a warehouse of data) that collects into one place the data scattered across the operational systems of individual departments such as logistics, sales, and production, integrates and accumulates it company-wide as time-series data from the past to the present, and uses it for management analysis and decision-making. The four conditions listed in the question — scattered across departments, company-wide data from the past to the present, integrated management, and helping to formulate management strategy — all match the defining characteristics of a DWH. In particular, whereas the core business system (OLTP) that handles day-to-day transaction processing deals with current operational data, a DWH keeps accumulating data as a time series without deleting or overwriting it, and this is what corresponds to the phrase from the past to the present. The accumulated data becomes the target of OLAP (multidimensional analysis) and data mining, and supports the formulation of management strategy as the foundation of BI (business intelligence).
Incorrectイ
The data-centered approach (DOA) is a methodology for system development: the idea of first fixing the structure of the data, rather than the procedures (processes) of business operations, and then proceeding with the design. It is a concept about how development is carried out, not a mechanism that integrates and accumulates company-wide data to help formulate management strategy, so it is wrong.
Incorrectウ
Data mining is an analytical technique that analyzes large volumes of accumulated data with statistical methods and machine learning to dig out unknown insights such as correlations and patterns. It is a technology on the side that uses the data collected in a data warehouse, not the mechanism that integrates and manages the data itself. The question asks for a mechanism of accumulation and management rather than an analytical technique, so it is wrong.
Incorrectエ
Data modeling refers to the design work of identifying the entities and the relationships of the data handled in business operations and expressing their structure with tools such as E-R diagrams. It is a step in database design, not a mechanism that actually integrates and accumulates company-wide data to help formulate management strategy, so it is wrong.
ここがポイント
- Data warehouse = a database that integrates and accumulates company-wide data scattered across departments as a time series from the past to the present, and is used to support management decision-making. Unlike a core business system that processes daily operations, it keeps piling up data instead of overwriting it, and that is the key point.
- Telling apart the confusing data-something terms: data warehouse = the mechanism that stores data / data mining = the analytical technique that digs insights out of the stored data / data-centered approach = the development method that decides the data structure first / data modeling = the design work that expresses the data structure in diagrams.
用語