問29
頻出度★★☆
経営戦略の目標や目的を達成する上で, 重要な要因を表すものはどれか。
平成22年度 秋期 ITパスポート試験 問29
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 29
- ア
正解 The correct answer is ア, CSF. CSF stands for Critical Success Factor, a decisive factor for achieving the goals or objectives set out in a business strategy — the kind of factor of which we say “if this is not satisfied, there will be no success.” For example, for the goal of “improving customer satisfaction,” elements such as “shorter delivery times” and “quality of support” decide whether it succeeds; narrowing the list down to such key elements gives the CSF. The wording in the question, “something that represents a critical factor in achieving goals or objectives,” is exactly the definition of CSF, so ア is correct. In practice, the indicator that measures how far the final goal has been achieved is called a KGI (Key Goal Indicator), and the intermediate indicator that measures whether the CSF is on track is called a KPI (Key Performance Indicator); they are linked and managed as a chain of goal → CSF → KPI.
Incorrectイ
ERP stands for Enterprise Resource Planning. It refers to the idea of managing a company’s business resources — people, goods, money, and information — in an integrated way to make management more efficient, and also to the integrated business software package that realizes it. It is a mechanism for managing resources, not a word that expresses the critical factor for achieving a goal, so it is wrong.
Incorrectウ
MRP stands for Material Requirements Planning. It is a production management technique that calculates when and how much material to order or produce, based on the production plan, the bill of materials (BOM), and inventory information. It is a technique limited to material planning on the production floor, and it does not represent a critical factor in a business strategy, so it is wrong.
Incorrectエ
SCM stands for Supply Chain Management. It is a management method that optimizes, through information sharing, the entire flow of supply that spans multiple companies — from procuring materials through production, logistics, and sales. This too is a management method, not a term for the factor itself that decides whether a goal is achieved, so it is wrong.
ここがポイント
- CSF (Critical Success Factor) = a factor that is decisively important for achieving the goals and objectives of a business strategy. The standard practice is to manage it as a chain: goal (KGI) → CSF → evaluation indicator (KPI).
- ERP (integrated management of business resources), MRP (material requirements planning), and SCM (supply chain management) are all abbreviations for mechanisms or methods that run a business or its operations. Distinguish them from CSF, which expresses a factor — they belong to a different category.
用語