問16
頻出度★★★
企業の経営に対する信念や価値観を社員や顧客, 社会に対して示すものとして最も適切なものはどれか。
平成22年度 春期 ITパスポート試験 問16
ストラテジ系企業活動 › 経営・組織論
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 16
Incorrectア
Management issues are the problems a company should solve, derived from the gap between the ideal state (how things ought to be) and the current state. Examples include eliminating a shortage of skilled staff, improving profitability, and replacing aging systems. They are ultimately themes to be tackled inside the company, not an expression of the company's beliefs or values. Issues also include weaknesses in management, so by their nature they are not something shown widely to employees, customers, and society.
Incorrectイ
A management plan is a schedule that, in order to carry out the management strategy, breaks down who will do what, by when, and to what extent into concrete actions, numerical targets, and deadlines. According to the length of the period it is divided into long-term, medium-term, and short-term (annual) plans. Its content is procedures and numbers, not beliefs or values themselves. It is a lower-level document drawn up starting from the management philosophy, so it does not match what the question asks for — something that conveys values.
Incorrectウ
A management strategy is a medium- to long-term policy or scenario that determines, in order to achieve the management philosophy and the business goals, which markets to compete in, with which products and services, and how to build competitive advantage. Diversification, differentiation, and cost leadership are concrete examples. It shows the way (the means) of achieving a purpose, not a statement of what the company believes in and values. The decisive difference is that a management philosophy shows why and for what purpose, whereas a management strategy shows how.
- エ
正解 The correct answer is エ, management philosophy. A management philosophy is a written statement of the basic beliefs and values behind a company's management — why the company exists and what it values as it does business. It is expressed in forms such as a company motto, a company creed, a corporate philosophy, a mission, or a credo, and through the corporate website, company brochures, and new-employee training it is shown widely not only to employees but also to outside stakeholders such as customers, business partners, and the local community. The question sets two conditions: (1) the content itself must be beliefs and values, and (2) it must be something conveyed to employees, customers, and society. A management philosophy satisfies both. A management philosophy also sits at the very top of corporate activity: in the order management philosophy → business goals (vision) → management strategy → management plan, abstract values are brought down step by step into concrete action. The other three choices are practical elements lower down in this flow and are not statements of values in themselves, which is how they can be told apart.
ここがポイント
- A management philosophy is a written statement of a company's reason for existing and of the beliefs and values behind its management. Expressed as a company motto, a company creed, or a corporate philosophy, it is shown widely to stakeholders such as employees, customers, and society, and it is the top-level standard of judgment for all corporate activity.
- In the hierarchy management philosophy → business goals (vision) → management strategy → management plan, abstract values are made concrete step by step into actual action. The key is to remember them by their roles: the management philosophy shows why and for what purpose, the management strategy shows how, the management plan shows who does what by when, and management issues show the gap between the ideal state and the current state.
用語