問21
頻出度★★☆
競争優位を形成するための経営戦略の一つとして, インターネットを使った電子商取引の活用がある。電子商取引のうち, B to C に当たるものはどれか。
平成23年度 秋期 ITパスポート試験 問21
ストラテジ系ビジネスインダストリ › e-ビジネス
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 21
Incorrectア
On an auction site where general consumers list items for sale, both the seller and the buyer are general consumers, so it is CtoC (Consumer to Consumer). A company does operate the site, but the operator only provides the place for transactions (the platform) and is not the party that sells the goods. Judged by who the parties to the transaction are, this is a transaction from C to C, not BtoC.
- イ
正解 The correct answer is “イ An Internet shopping site aimed at general consumers”. Electronic commerce (EC) is classified according to whether the sender and the receiver of a transaction are a business (Business) or a consumer (Consumer), and BtoC stands for Business to Consumer — that is, a transaction a company carries out with general consumers. In イ, the party that runs the site and sells the goods is a company, and the party that buys is a general consumer, so this is exactly a transaction from B to C. So-called online shops and online shopping malls belong to this category, and they are also a representative example of no-store retailing, in which selling is done without a physical store. Being able to sell directly to consumers across a wide trading area without limits of time or place, while holding down store costs, is the reason EC is used as a management strategy for building competitive advantage.
Incorrectウ
An inter-company transaction site for selling raw materials and the like to other companies has companies as both seller and buyer, so it is BtoB (Business to Business). The decisive difference from BtoC is that the receiving side is a company rather than a general consumer; electronic procurement and the placing and receiving of orders between companies are included here. It also differs from BtoC in that the amount per transaction is large and the trade tends to be ongoing.
Incorrectエ
An in-house sales site aimed at the company's own employees for employee-welfare purposes has a company dealing with its own employees, so it is BtoE (Business to Employee). The buyers are individuals, but they are limited to a closed group — the company's own employees — rather than an unspecified large number of general consumers, and that is where it differs from BtoC. Because it is not a transaction in a market open to the outside, it does not qualify as BtoC.
ここがポイント
- Electronic commerce (EC) is classified by the combination of the parties to the transaction. Remember B = Business (company), C = Consumer (general consumer), E = Employee, G = Government, and read each pair as “the first letter is the seller, the second is the buyer”. BtoC = company to general consumer (online shopping), BtoB = between companies (electronic procurement, inter-company ordering), CtoC = between consumers (online auctions, flea-market apps), BtoE = company to its own employees (in-house sales), GtoC = government to residents (electronic applications).
- The knack for telling these categories apart is to judge not by who operates the site but by “who are the parties actually doing the buying and selling”. Even when an auction site is operated by a company, the person listing the item and the person winning the bid are both consumers, so it is CtoC; the operating company is no more than a platform provider offering a place to trade. With this viewpoint you can reliably distinguish ア (CtoC) from イ (BtoC).
用語