問22
頻出度★★★
顧客に価値をもたらし, 企業にとって競争優位の源泉となる, 競合他社には模倣されにくいスキルや技術を指すものはどれか。
平成23年度 秋期 ITパスポート試験 問22
ストラテジ系経営戦略マネジメント › 経営戦略手法
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 22
Incorrectア
Accountability means the responsibility to explain. It refers to a company's responsibility to explain the content of its own activities and the process and results of its decisions to stakeholders such as shareholders, customers, employees, and the local community. It is a concept about corporate governance and information disclosure, not the skills or technologies that a company itself possesses, so it does not match the question's description of a source of competitive advantage.
- イ
正解 The correct answer is (イ) Core competence. Core competence is the central capability that a company has built up over many years, and it means a capability that satisfies the following three conditions: (1) it brings concrete value and benefit to customers, (2) it becomes a source of competitive advantage over rival companies, and (3) other companies cannot easily imitate it. The wording of the question lines up all three of these conditions, so it applies directly to core competence. The key point is that it is not merely owned equipment or funds, but a strength that is hard to copy, such as unique technical ability, know-how, and organizational skills. In management strategy this leads to the idea of selection and concentration: concentrating management resources on this core capability and outsourcing the other operations.
Incorrectウ
Corporate governance means the governing of a company. It refers to the mechanism for monitoring and supervising managers so that they do not act against the interests of shareholders and others, thereby ensuring sound and transparent management. Concrete measures include appointing outside directors and having auditors carry out audits. It is a management framework that imposes discipline on a company, and it does not mean skills or technologies that are hard to imitate.
Incorrectエ
Personal skills refers to the abilities that an individual possesses (communication ability, leadership, problem-solving ability, and so on), and the term is used in the context of human resource development and skill standards. It is an ability at the individual level only, not a term for the core capability that an organization as a whole accumulates and that produces a company's competitive advantage. What the question asks about is a source of competitive advantage for a company, so this term, which points to the individual level, does not provide the explanation.
ここがポイント
- Master the three conditions of core competence. (1) It brings value to customers, (2) it becomes a source of competitive advantage, and (3) competitors find it hard to imitate. A company's core capability that meets these three is a core competence, and concentrating management resources on it is the strategy of selection and concentration.
- Management and governance terms written in katakana are easy to confuse, so learn to tell them apart. Accountability = the responsibility to explain to stakeholders; corporate governance = the mechanism of company governance that monitors management; core competence = a core capability that is hard to imitate. The first two are concepts about the discipline of management, while the last is a concept about competitiveness.
用語