問28
頻出度★★★
現行の業務プロセスを, 業務で扱うデータの流れや機能でとらえる手法はどれか。
平成23年度 特別試験 ITパスポート試験 問28
ストラテジ系システム戦略 › 業務プロセス
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 28
- ア
正解 The correct answer is ア, DFD (Data Flow Diagram). A DFD depicts business operations from the viewpoint of “where data comes from, which processes it passes through, and where it flows to,” and it is built from only four elements: data flows (arrows), processes, i.e. functions (circles), data stores (double lines), and external entities (boxes). The “flow of data handled in the business” mentioned in the question corresponds to the data flows, and “functions” corresponds to the processes; it is a representative business-analysis technique for analyzing and visualizing the current business process (As-Is) in order to uncover its problems. Therefore, DFD is the only choice that satisfies both conditions at the same time: capturing the business by data flow and by function.
Incorrectイ
An E-R Diagram (entity-relationship diagram) is a notation used in database design to represent entities and the relationships between entities. What it expresses is the static structure of data and correspondences such as one-to-many; it does not express how data flows through processing, nor the functions of the business. This does not match the question's condition of capturing things by flow and by function.
Incorrectウ
Data mining is a technique that analyzes large volumes of accumulated data with statistical and machine-learning methods in order to discover regularities or correlations that had not been noticed before (for example, combinations of products that tend to be bought together). It is an analysis technique for digging insights out of existing data, not a method for diagramming the current business process in terms of data flow and function.
Incorrectエ
Data modeling is the work of organizing the structure, the items, and the mutual relationships of the data handled in a business so as to build data models (conceptual, logical, and physical models), and its representative deliverable is the E-R Diagram. What it focuses on is the structure of data, not the flow of processing or the functions of the business. Its subject differs from the question's intent of capturing the business process as a flow.
ここがポイント
- A DFD is a business-analysis notation that draws the current business process with four elements — data flow, process (function), data store, and external entity — capturing the business from both the data-flow side and the function side.
- E-R Diagrams and data modeling express the static structure of data (entities and relationships), which plays a different role from the dynamic data flow and processing that a DFD expresses. Note also that data mining is not a diagramming notation at all, but a data-analysis technique.
用語