問45
頻出度★★★
プロジェクトマネジメントにおいて WBS を作成する目的として, 最も適切なものはどれか。
平成23年度 特別試験 ITパスポート試験 問45
マネジメント系プロジェクトマネジメント › プロジェクトマネジメント
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 45
Incorrectア
Improving the efficiency of progress management is only a secondary effect gained on top of a WBS; it is not the purpose of creating one. Only after the WBS has fixed the scope and the work units do you build a schedule (an arrow diagram or a Gantt chart) that lets you track progress. This choice mistakes a side effect for the purpose.
- イ
正解 The correct answer is イ. A WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) decomposes the deliverables a project must produce from the top level down, until the lowest level consists of work units (work packages) small enough to have an owner, effort, and duration assigned. In other words, the purpose of creating a WBS is to identify and clarify, with no omissions and no overlaps, both “what will be produced (the deliverables)” and “who does what work to produce it (the work)” — that is, to fix the project scope. Only once the scope is clear can the later plans for schedule, cost, staffing, and risk be built up work package by work package, so the WBS is positioned as the foundation of project planning and its most basic tool.
Incorrectウ
Clarifying the criteria for quality verification is the role of the quality management plan, which defines quality standards, inspection methods, review approaches, and so on. A WBS is a tool for decomposing scope and identifying work; it does not itself define the pass/fail criteria for each piece of work.
Incorrectエ
Making the project's objectives and significance known to stakeholders is the role of the project charter and the kickoff meeting. A WBS is not a document that states objectives; it is a structured listing of the deliverables and the work needed to achieve them — a different level of thing.
ここがポイント
- WBS = a technique that decomposes deliverables level by level down to the work packages at the bottom, thereby clarifying the project scope (what is to be produced and what must be done) with no omissions and no overlaps.
- A WBS is the foundation for later plans such as schedule, cost, and staffing; improved efficiency in progress management is a result that follows from it. Its role differs from setting quality criteria (the quality management plan) or making the project objectives known (the project charter).
用語