問6
頻出度★★★
プロセス間で受け渡されるデータの流れの視点から, 業務やシステムを分析するために用いるモデリング手法はどれか。
平成24年度 春期 ITパスポート試験 問6
ストラテジ系システム戦略 › 業務プロセス
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 6
Incorrectア
BPR (Business Process Reengineering) is a management-reform activity and way of thinking: existing business processes are reviewed from the ground up and radically redesigned in order to achieve dramatic improvements in cost, quality, and speed. What it reforms is business processes, but it is not a notation (a modeling technique) for diagramming and analyzing the flow of data. A DFD is sometimes used as an analysis tool for carrying out BPR, but the two are different things.
- イ
正解 The correct answer is (イ) DFD (Data Flow Diagram). A DFD is a modeling technique that pictures business operations or systems by focusing on the flow of data — which process handles what data, where it receives that data from, and where it passes it on to. It uses only four notation elements: processes, data flows (arrows that show how data moves), data stores (places where data is kept, such as files and databases), and external entities (sources and destinations that lie outside the system); these four elements express the whole system as a flow of data. The description in the question, “analyze business operations or systems from the perspective of the flow of data passed between processes,” matches the definition of a DFD exactly. A DFD can also be refined step by step from a high-level overview diagram down to lower-level detailed diagrams (a layered structure), so it is often used in business analysis and requirements definition to make current operations visible.
Incorrectウ
MRP (Material Requirements Planning) is a production-management technique that calculates when and how much material needs to be purchased or manufactured, based on the production plan for a product, the bill of materials (BOM), and inventory levels. What it deals with is the requirement calculation for materials and inventory, not a modeling technique for analyzing the flow of data between processes.
Incorrectエ
WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) is a project-management technique that hierarchically breaks the work of a project down until each piece is of a manageable size, and organizes it in that form. What it expresses is the breakdown structure of the work, not the flow of data. It serves as the basis for schedule and effort estimation and for progress management, and it is not used to analyze the data flow of business operations.
ここがポイント
- A DFD (data flow diagram) is a modeling technique that uses four elements — process, data flow, data store, and external entity — to express and analyze business operations or systems from the perspective of the flow of data.
- Tell confusing abbreviations apart by what they target and what they do. BPR is the radical redesign of business processes (management reform), MRP is material requirements planning (production management), and WBS is the hierarchical breakdown of work (project management) — none of them is a technique for diagramming the flow of data.
用語