問13
頻出度★★☆
住民基本台帳ネットワークシステム構築の目的として挙げられているものはどれか。
平成24年度 春期 ITパスポート試験 問13
ストラテジ系ビジネスインダストリ › ビジネスシステム
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 13
Incorrectア
“Manage citizens' tax payment information” is wrong. What Juki-net handles is only identity verification information — the four items of name, address, date of birth, and sex, plus the resident register code and records of changes to it — so tax information such as income or amounts paid is not held there in the first place. Tax-related information is managed by separate systems: national taxes by systems of the National Tax Agency such as e-Tax, and local taxes by the tax systems of each local government. Note also that the My Number (Social Security and Tax Number) system introduced in later years uses its numbers in the three fields of social security, taxation, and disaster response, so it does have a connection to taxes; but that is a matter of the My Number system, and is separate from the purpose for which Juki-net was built. The key point is not to confuse systems that tend to be discussed in similar contexts.
- イ
正解 The correct answer is イ, “Improve resident services and raise the efficiency of administrative operations.” The Resident Register Network System (commonly called Juki-net) links over a dedicated network the basic resident registers that until then had been managed separately by each municipality, so that an administrative body anywhere in the country can verify a person's identity. What is exchanged over the network is limited to “identity verification information,” namely just four items — name, address, date of birth, and sex — plus the resident register code assigned to each individual resident and records of changes to it. It helps to grasp what this changed from two sides: the residents' side and the administration's side. From the residents' side, people previously had to visit a municipal counter each time they filed an application, obtain a copy of their resident record (juminhyo), and attach it to the form; now that administrative bodies can check identity verification information among themselves, that step becomes unnecessary. Typical examples are the elimination of the annual status report that pension recipients used to submit every year, no longer having to attach a copy of the resident record when applying for a passport, and simplified move-in and move-out procedures. This is what “improving resident services” means. From the administration's side, the chain of manual work — issuing a paper certificate, receiving it, checking its contents by eye, and re-entering the data — is reduced, and mismatches in addresses or names become less likely. This is what “raising the efficiency of administrative operations” means. These two pillars are not an ad hoc explanation: they simply restate the aim set out in Article 1 of the Basic Resident Registration Act, which is to “enhance the convenience of residents and thereby contribute to the rationalization of administration by the national and local governments.” Therefore イ, which cites both greater convenience for residents and greater efficiency of administrative operations, is the correct purpose of building the system.
Incorrectウ
“Protect residents' personal information” confuses the purpose with a precondition, so it is wrong. Protecting personal information is a requirement that must be observed when operating Juki-net, and safeguards are indeed prescribed: use of dedicated lines, encryption of communications, limiting which officials may access the system and keeping records of their operations, restricting by law the operations for which the data may be used, and penalties for use beyond the stated purpose. However, these are means and constraints that let the mechanism of sharing identity verification information nationwide work safely; they are not the purpose for which the system was built. It is systems such as the Personal Information Protection Act that set out protection of personal information as an aim in its own right. You are expected to read the question by distinguishing “what was it built for” from “what must be observed in building and running it.”
Incorrectエ
“Promote disclosure of resident information to the private sector” is the exact opposite of the intent of the system, so it is wrong. The identity verification information on Juki-net may be used only by the national administrative bodies and local governments listed in law, and only when they carry out operations specified by law. Furthermore, the Basic Resident Registration Act prohibits private businesses from asking contract partners and others to disclose their resident register code, and prohibits building databases that contain resident register codes; violations can draw recommendations and orders to stop, as well as penalties. In other words, far from encouraging opening the data to the private sector, the design clearly shuts private use out. Since the system handles a number that can identify individuals nationwide, the scope of its use had to be strictly narrowed — this background is worth keeping in mind.
ここがポイント
- Purpose of the Resident Register Network System (Juki-net) — it links by network the basic resident registers that had been managed separately by each municipality, so that administrative bodies can commonly check identity verification information such as the four items of name, address, date of birth, and sex plus the resident register code. This simultaneously improves resident services (for example, no longer needing to attach a copy of the resident record) and raises the efficiency of administrative operations by cutting paperwork. It corresponds to “enhancing the convenience of residents” and “rationalization of administration” in Article 1 of the Basic Resident Registration Act.
- Scope of the information handled and limits on its use — Juki-net holds only identity verification information; it includes no tax or income information. Its use is limited to administrative operations specified by law, and use of the resident register code by the private sector is prohibited. Remember to distinguish the positioning that safeguards for protecting personal information are not the purpose but a precondition that makes the system workable.
用語