問50
頻出度★★★
新人事システム開発プロジェクトの遂行に当たって，どのようなことがリスクとなり得るかを洗い出すために，プロジェクトチームメンバである企画部，人事部，情報システム部の担当者が集まり，プロジェクトに関して思い付くリスクを自由に出し合った。このような手法を何というか。
平成24年度 春期 ITパスポート試験 問50
ストラテジ系企業活動 › 業務分析・データ利活用
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 50
Incorrectア
A walkthrough is a review technique in which the author of a deliverable such as a design document or a program leads the participants through it while explaining it, so that they can point out errors and problems. Its purpose is to find defects in a deliverable that already exists, not to generate a large number of ideas from a blank sheet. It does not fit the situation in the question, where risk candidates are freely listed at a stage when nothing has been produced yet.
Incorrectイ
The critical path method (CPM) is a scheduling technique: on an arrow diagram you trace the order of the activities and their durations to find the longest path, the one with no slack (the critical path), which reveals the overall duration and the activities that need priority management. What it handles is the schedule, not the activity of talking through and identifying risks.
Incorrectウ
Simulation is a technique in which a target is modeled and mock experiments are run on a computer or similar tool, predicting how it behaves and what results occur when the conditions are changed. It can be used for the quantitative analysis that estimates the size of a risk's impact numerically, but it is not the technique for a situation where people gather and exchange opinions to draw out what risks exist in the first place. The question says nothing at all about mock experiments.
- エ
正解 The correct answer is “エ Brainstorming.” Brainstorming is a group idea-generation technique in which several participants freely offer ideas on a single topic so that a large number of proposals can be drawn out. It is run according to four principles: “no criticism (do not reject anyone else's opinion),” “freewheeling (even wild ideas are welcome),” “quantity over quality (produce as many as possible),” and “combine and build on others' ideas.” In the question, members in different positions — staff from the planning department, the HR department, and the information systems department — gather and “freely put forward whatever risks they can think of” about the project. Proceeding this way, listing a wide range of candidates first without evaluating or narrowing them down, is typical of brainstorming. In project management it is often used in “risk identification (listing the risks out),” the first step of risk management, and its advantage is that collecting the viewpoints of many different departments reduces oversights.
ここがポイント
- Brainstorming is a group idea-generation technique based on four principles — no criticism, freewheeling, quantity over quality, and combining and building on others' ideas — and it is a representative method for identifying (listing out) project risks and for producing ideas.
- Tell the confusable techniques apart by their roles: a walkthrough is a review of a deliverable, the critical path method is schedule management, and simulation is prediction through mock experiments.
用語