問46
頻出度★★★
システム開発プロジェクトにおいて, 類似している他のプロジェクトの実績を基準として, 単体テストの不具合発生率を評価することにした。品質計画におけるこの手法はどれか。
平成25年度 秋期 ITパスポート試験 問46
マネジメント系プロジェクトマネジメント › プロジェクトマネジメント
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 46
Incorrectア
Statistical sampling (statistical sampling inspection) is a technique in which, instead of inspecting every item in the population, you randomly select a portion, inspect it, and estimate the quality of the whole from that result. It is about inspecting the extracted sample, not about comparing against the actual results of other projects as a benchmark, so it does not match the description in this question.
Incorrectイ
Pareto analysis is a technique that uses a chart (a Pareto chart) in which the causes or items of defects are arranged in order of the number of occurrences, and, based on the idea that a small number of top causes account for most of the whole, narrows down the items that should be tackled first. It analyzes the breakdown of defect data that has already occurred, and is not an evaluation method that uses the actual results of other projects as a benchmark.
Incorrectウ
The function point method is a technique that quantifies the size of a system from the number and complexity of software functions such as inputs and outputs, screens, and files, and then estimates the development effort and cost. It is a technique for estimating (scope and cost), not a method for evaluating the defect occurrence rate in quality planning.
- エ
正解 The correct answer is 'エ Benchmarking'. Benchmarking is a technique in which you bring in excellent actual performance values from outside, such as those of other companies or other projects, treat them as a 'benchmark (yardstick)', and compare your own figures against them to evaluate your level and set targets. In this question, for the quality indicator of the defect occurrence rate in unit testing, the statement says the evaluation is based on 'the actual results of other similar projects'. The deciding point is that the judgment is not made only from data inside your own project; instead, performance is measured as good or bad by comparing it with outside results. This corresponds to benchmarking, a representative tool used in quality planning (the quality management plan) within project quality management.
ここがポイント
- Benchmarking = a technique that uses excellent actual performance values from outside, such as those of other companies or other projects, as a benchmark, and compares and evaluates your own indicators against them to set targets. When the keyword 'compare against the actual results of others as a benchmark' appears, this is the answer.
- Telling apart the techniques used in quality planning: extracting a portion to estimate the whole is statistical sampling; narrowing down priority items by order of occurrence count is Pareto analysis; estimating size and effort is the function point method (an estimating technique, not a quality technique).
用語