問3
頻出度★★☆
企業内の経営資源を統合的に管理し, 最適化することで効率的な経営活動を実現するための手法はどれか。
平成25年度 春期 ITパスポート試験 問3
ストラテジ系経営戦略マネジメント › 経営管理システム
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 3
Incorrectア
BPR stands for Business Process Reengineering. It is a method that does not take the existing business processes as given, but redesigns them fundamentally from a blank sheet, aiming for a dramatic improvement in cost, quality, and speed. What it focuses on is the flow of work, that is, the process, not the integrated management of management resources such as people, goods, money, and information. An ERP package is sometimes introduced as a means of carrying out BPR, but the two are different concepts, so BPR does not fit the integrated management and optimization of management resources that the question asks about.
- イ
正解 The correct answer is イ, ERP. ERP stands for Enterprise Resource Planning. It is a way of thinking, and a method, in which a company does not handle its management resources — people, goods, money, and information — separately in each department, but manages them together across the whole company and allocates them optimally to where they are needed, so that its operations become more efficient. In the past, separate systems were built for each business area such as sales, production, inventory, accounting, and human resources, so the same data had to be entered twice, and totalling figures across departments took a long time. With ERP, this business data is brought together into a single database, so an entry made in one department is reflected across the whole company at once, and managers can make decisions from information that is close to real time. The software product that realises this idea is an ERP package (an integrated core business system). The explanation in the question, achieving efficient business operations by integrally managing and optimizing management resources, is exactly the definition of ERP. If you break the abbreviation down into Enterprise, Resource, and Planning, the name itself tells you that what it targets is management resources as a whole.
Incorrectウ
RFP stands for Request For Proposal. When an information system is procured, it is the document in which the purchasing company presents its requirements to vendors — the purpose of the system, the functions it needs, the budget, the delivery date, and so on — and asks them to submit proposals. It is no more than the name of a document used in the procurement procedure, not a method for managing management resources, so it is wrong.
Incorrectエ
SLA stands for Service Level Agreement. It is a document in which the provider and the user of a service agree in advance, in numerical terms, on levels of service quality such as the availability rate, the recovery time when a failure occurs, and the response time. It is an agreement for guaranteeing service quality during the operation stage, so both its purpose and what it targets differ from a method for integrally managing and optimizing the management resources inside a company.
ここがポイント
- ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) is an idea and a method for managing management resources — people, goods, money, and information — together across the whole company and allocating them optimally. It brings business data such as sales, production, inventory, accounting, and human resources into a single database, which makes information sharing across departments and near real-time management decisions possible. The product that realises this is an ERP package (an integrated core business system).
- For confusing three-letter abbreviations, expand the letters into English words and tell them apart by what each concept targets. ERP is the integrated management of Resources (management resources), BPR is the fundamental redesign of the Business Process, RFP is a procurement document that asks for a Proposal, and SLA is an agreement document that fixes the Service Level, that is, the level of service quality. Each of them targets something different.
用語