問12
頻出度★★★
社内の決裁申請手続の迅速化と省力化を狙いとして導入するシステムはどれか。
平成25年度 春期 ITパスポート試験 問12
ストラテジ系システム戦略 › 業務プロセス
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 12
Incorrectア
An MRP (Material Requirements Planning) system is used for production management in manufacturing. From the production plan for a product, the bill of materials (BOM), and inventory levels, it calculates which parts should be purchased or manufactured, when, and in what quantity, and turns this into ordering and manufacturing instructions. What it handles is the planning of materials and inventory; it does not deal with in-house approval applications or the routing of approvals.
Incorrectイ
A POS (Point Of Sales) system reads and collects sales data such as product name, quantity, amount, and time at the very moment goods are sold at the checkout counter of a retail store, and uses it for sales totals, inventory management, and analysis of well-selling and poorly-selling items. It exists to grasp sales results at the store; it is not a mechanism for passing in-house application forms to approvers.
Incorrectウ
SFA (Sales Force Automation) is a system that shares information on sales activities across the organization, such as customer data, the progress of negotiations, visit histories, and the likelihood of winning each deal, aiming to make salespeople work more efficiently and lead to orders. What it makes efficient is sales activity itself; its purpose is not to digitize the approval application procedure and route it along an approval path.
- エ
正解 The correct answer is エ (Workflow system). A workflow is the whole sequence of business steps through which an application form moves from the person in charge to a superior and then on to related departments until it is approved. A workflow system reproduces this flow on computers: it turns paper application forms into electronic application forms and, based on an approval route defined in advance (who approves, in what order, and up to what amount), automatically passes the application on to the next approver. Approvers can check the content and approve or reject it from the terminal at their own desk, so nobody has to carry documents around and nobody waits for a seal to be stamped, and the time needed to reach a decision becomes shorter (speeding up). In addition, less effort goes into creating, copying, delivering, and storing documents, or into finding where an application is currently stuck, and progress can also be tracked on screen, so clerical work hours go down (reducing labor). Speeding up and reducing the labor of in-house approval application procedures, which the question asks about, is exactly the typical purpose of introducing a workflow system, so エ is correct.
ここがポイント
- Workflow system: a system that digitizes application forms such as internal approval requests, expense reimbursements, and leave applications, and automatically passes them to the next approver along an approval route defined in advance. Because documents no longer have to be carried around and nobody waits for a seal, decisions come faster; and because less effort goes into creating, delivering, and storing documents and into checking progress, labor is reduced. The approval history is kept as a record, which is also effective for internal control.
- Learn business systems by pairing the abbreviation with the business area it covers: MRP is production management (calculating material requirements), POS is point-of-sales information management in retail, SFA supports sales activities, and workflow covers in-house application and approval procedures. Decide by asking which system's scope the keyword indicating the business area in the question (here, approval application procedures) belongs to.
用語