問15
頻出度★★☆
最終製品の納期と製造量に基づいて, 製造に必要な構成部品の在庫量の最適化を図りたい。この目的を実現するための施策として, 最も適切なものはどれか。
平成26年度 秋期 ITパスポート試験 問15
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 15
Incorrectア
CRM (Customer Relationship Management) is a system that centrally manages customer information along with the history of sales talks and inquiries, in order to strengthen relationships with customers and improve sales and customer satisfaction. Its target is the customer, not the component parts used in manufacturing, so it does not calculate part requirements or optimize part inventory.
- イ
正解 The correct answer is イ, building an MRP (Material Requirements Planning) system. MRP starts from the production plan for the final product (when and how many to make), expands the bill of materials (BOM) to calculate how many of each component part are required, and then subtracts the current inventory and the procurement lead time to determine when and how many units to order or produce. The requirement in the question, optimizing the inventory of the component parts needed for manufacturing based on the delivery date and production volume of the final product, corresponds exactly to MRP's input (the production plan) and output (part requirements and order timing). This makes it possible to have just the necessary parts, in the necessary quantity, at the necessary time, holding down both excess inventory and shortages.
Incorrectウ
POS (Point Of Sales) is a system that records and aggregates product sales results on the spot at a retail store's checkout register. What it yields is sales data such as which items sell well in the store, and it has no function for expanding a product's production plan into the requirements for component parts.
Incorrectエ
SFA (Sales Force Automation) is a system that supports salespeople with things like the progress of sales talks, visit records, and opportunity management, so as to raise the efficiency of sales activities. Its purpose is to support the sales process, and it has nothing to do with optimizing the inventory of parts needed for manufacturing.
ここがポイント
- MRP is a material requirements planning mechanism that calculates the required quantities of component parts and their order timing from the production plan for the final product plus the bill of materials (BOM) plus the inventory situation, so it directly leads to keeping part inventory at an appropriate level.
- Tell the confusing three-letter abbreviations apart by the area they target: CRM = customer management, SFA = support for sales activities, POS = management of in-store sales results, MRP = material requirements planning for manufacturing.
用語