問38
頻出度★★★
コミュニケーションの形式には, 2人以上の当事者間で複数方向に情報が交わされる相互型コミュニケーション, 特定の人に情報を送信するプッシュ型コミュニケーション, 自分の意思で必要な情報にアクセスするプル型コミュニケーションがある。 プル型コミュニケーションに該当するものはどれか。
平成26年度 秋期 ITパスポート試験 問38
マネジメント系プロジェクトマネジメント › プロジェクトマネジメント
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 38
- ア
正解 The correct answer is ア. The question defines pull communication as a form in which one accesses needed information at one's own discretion. When the schedule of a progress meeting is posted on the company's internal bulletin board site, the information is merely placed there; nobody delivers it to you individually. Whoever thinks they need it goes to look at the bulletin board at their own convenience and obtains the schedule from it — in other words, the act of fetching the information starts from the receiving side. This is exactly pull (pull = to draw toward oneself) communication. Internal portals, shared file servers, knowledge bases, FAQ sites, and intranet bulletin boards are suited to situations where you want to make a large amount of information available to many stakeholders even though not everyone needs it right away, and they are worth remembering as typical examples of pull communication.
Incorrectイ
Incorrect. Phoning the key members to coordinate the schedule means exchanging information in both directions while talking with the other party. It falls under what the question defines as interactive communication, in which information is exchanged in multiple directions among two or more parties. Phone calls, meetings, and face-to-face conversations are typical examples of interactive communication; they are not a form in which the receiver accesses information at their own discretion, so this is not pull communication.
Incorrectウ
Incorrect. In a progress meeting held with a video conferencing system, the participants speak to one another at the same time and information flows back and forth in multiple directions. This too is interactive communication. Forms in which a response comes back on the spot, such as a video conference or a real-time chat exchange, are classified as interactive communication and are distinguished from pull communication, in which the receiver actively goes and fetches the information.
Incorrectエ
Incorrect. Distributing the minutes by attaching them to an email is an act in which the sender specifies recipients and pushes the information out to them, so it falls under what the question calls push communication, in which information is sent to specific people. Email, distribution of reports, and faxes are typical examples of push communication. It is also worth remembering that with push communication you can tell that the information was sent, but there is no guarantee that the other party has read and understood it — another difference from interactive communication.
ここがポイント
- The three forms in Project Communications Management: interactive (exchanged in both directions: meetings, phone calls, video conferences), push (the sender sends to specific recipients: email, distribution of reports), and pull (the receiver accesses it at their own discretion: internal bulletin boards, portals, knowledge bases).
- The way to tell them apart is to ask who is moving the information. If the receiver goes and fetches it, it is pull; if the sender pushes it out, it is push; if both sides exchange it at the same time, it is interactive.
用語