問5
頻出度★★☆
トレーサビリティに該当する事例として, 適切なものはどれか。
平成26年度 春期 ITパスポート試験 問5
ストラテジ系ビジネスインダストリ › ビジネスシステム
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 5
Incorrectア
“Applying computers to education by using the Internet and Web technologies” describes e-learning (computer-assisted education such as CAI or CBT). It is a mechanism for supporting learning with IT, not a matter of tracing back the history of where a product has travelled, so it does not correspond to traceability.
Incorrectイ
“Entrusting all development work entirely to an external specialist company instead of maintaining an in-house development department” describes outsourcing. It is about how far a company hands its own operations over to outside parties — a matter of allocating and procuring management resources — and is a completely different concept from the traceability of history.
Incorrectウ
“Sharing individuals' knowledge and information across the whole organization and using it effectively to improve business performance” describes knowledge management. It is a management method for turning tacit knowledge held by individuals into explicit organizational knowledge and sharing it, and both its purpose and its object differ from traceability, which follows the distribution history of goods or information.
- エ
正解 The correct answer is エ: “Being able to trace the history from production to sale based on the label attached to meat or fish.” Traceability comes from trace (to follow something back) + ability, and in Japanese it is rendered as 追跡可能性, meaning “the ability to trace.” It refers to a mechanism or state in which the whole history of a product — when, where, and by whom it was produced, through what route it was processed and distributed, and how it finally reached the consumer — can later be traced back and confirmed through records. In the case of エ, the label attached to the package of meat or fish (an individual identification number, a lot number, a 2D code, and so on) serves as the clue for tracing distribution history such as the producer, the place of production, the processing date, and the shipping date. This is exactly the state of “being able to confirm the history from production to sale,” so it is an appropriate description of traceability. In the food industry it is introduced to prevent falsification of the place of origin and, when a problem occurs, to identify the lot that caused it and recall it quickly; outside of food it is also a widely used idea in manufacturing, such as for automotive parts and pharmaceuticals.
ここがポイント
- Traceability = being able to trace back, afterwards and through records, when, where, and by whom a product or part was produced and through what route it was distributed. Typical examples include tracing the origin of food via labels, lot management in manufacturing, and distribution control for pharmaceuticals; it makes it possible to pinpoint the cause when a problem occurs and to carry out a quick recall.
- In IT Passport terminology questions, what is tested is whether you can distinguish a set of easily confused management and IT terms. This question lines up e-learning (using IT for education), outsourcing (entrusting work to outside companies), and knowledge management (organization-wide knowledge sharing); if you can state each definition in one sentence, you can separate them reliably.
用語