問15
頻出度★★★
製品1個を製造するためには，A原料10kgとB原料5kgが必要である。1か月当たりの原料使用可能量が，A原料は60kg，B原料は40kgである場合，1か月当たりの製品の最大生産可能数は何個か。
平成27年度 秋期 ITパスポート試験 問15
ストラテジ系企業活動 › 業務分析・データ利活用
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 15
Incorrectア
The value 4 cannot be derived from either material's constraint. Material A allows up to 6 units and material B up to 8 units, so 4 is far smaller than even the more restrictive constraint (6 units) and has no basis.
- イ
正解 Calculate separately how many units each material's available amount allows, and the smaller one (the most restrictive constraint) is the answer. Material A is 60 kg per month and each unit uses 10 kg, so up to 60÷10=6 units. Material B is 40 kg per month and each unit uses 5 kg, so 40÷5=8, that is, up to 8 units. Because both materials are used at the same time, the number that can actually be produced is limited by the smaller value, making 6 units the maximum (at this point material A is used up exactly, while material B uses 6×5=30 kg and 10 kg is left over). Therefore the correct answer is イ, 6 units.
Incorrectウ
The value 8 is the upper limit when looking only at material B (40÷5=8 units), and it overlooks the material A constraint. Making 8 units would require 8×10=80 kg of material A, but only 60 kg is available per month, which is not enough. Of the two constraints, the more restrictive one (6 units from material A) must be taken.
Incorrectエ
Making 10 units would require 10×10=100 kg of material A and 10×5=50 kg of material B, both of which exceed the amounts available per month (60 kg of material A and 40 kg of material B). It is a value that satisfies neither material's constraint, and it ignores the most restrictive constraint, that of material A.
ここがポイント
- When finding the maximum output under multiple resource constraints, calculate how many units each resource allows and take the minimum value (the most restrictive constraint, i.e. the bottleneck).
- Only whole units can be made, so round down when the division is not exact. Also, the material that is not the bottleneck is left over (here material B has 40−6×5=10 kg left), but leftovers alone cannot produce a unit.
用語