令和2年度 ITパスポート試験 問15

※ Our check while writing this explanation could not fully confirm the published answer; scoring follows IPA's official key.

• ×Incorrectア

  Integrating information and operations across customer-facing departments such as sales, marketing, and after-sales service to maximize customer satisfaction and the company's own profit describes CRM (Customer Relationship Management). Its main focus is strengthening relationships with customers rather than optimizing the supply chain as a whole, so it differs from SCM.

• ○イ

  正解 SCM (Supply Chain Management) is a management approach in which the whole supply chain—from procuring raw materials, through production and distribution, until goods reach the final consumer—is optimized as a whole by sharing information not only within the company but also with business partners such as suppliers, logistics providers, and sellers. Its purpose is to eliminate mismatches between supply and demand and remove waste, and as a result it achieves shorter delivery times and reduced inventory. Choice イ describes reviewing the entire series of operations—from procurement, production, and distribution through to reaching the consumer—including business partners, from the perspective of overall optimization, in order to shorten delivery times and reduce inventory, which matches this definition exactly, so it is correct.

• ×Incorrectウ

  Innovating and redesigning the entire operation into an optimal form with the aim of providing products and services that match customer needs describes BPR (Business Process Reengineering). It is the idea of fundamentally rebuilding existing business processes, which differs from SCM, which refers to optimizing the supply chain including business partners.

• ×Incorrectエ

  Centrally managing core operations such as procurement, production, sales, finance and accounting, and human resources to optimize management resources and improve management efficiency describes ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning). It is a mechanism for integrating and managing a company's internal core-business data, which differs from SCM, whose main focus is optimizing the supply chain that extends to business partners.