問33
頻出度★★☆
購買, 製造, 販売という供給者から消費者までを結ぶ一連の業務のつながりを総合的に管理し, 資材の調達から顧客への販売に至る在庫などの無駄をなくして, プロセス全体の最適化を図るものはどれか。
令和8年度 ITパスポート試験 問33
ストラテジ系経営戦略マネジメント › 経営管理システム
This question's explanation and your answers so far.
解説
問 33
Incorrectア
CRM (Customer Relationship Management) centrally manages the information gathered at points of contact with customers, raising customer satisfaction and the customer relationship (loyalty) to drive sales growth. Its target is the relationship with customers, not the optimization of the entire supply chain that links procurement, manufacturing, and sales, so it is incorrect.
Incorrectイ
POS (Point Of Sales) records and collects, at the moment a product is sold at a store register, ‘when, what, and how many were sold.’ Its purpose is collecting sales data, not integrating and managing the entire supply chain from procurement to sales to optimize the process, so it is incorrect.
- ウ
正解 The correct answer is SCM (Supply Chain Management). SCM is a concept and mechanism that, beyond the boundaries of an individual company, comprehensively manages the chain of business operations—purchasing, manufacturing, and sales—that connects suppliers to consumers (the supply chain). It shares information from material procurement all the way to sales to customers, reduces waste such as excess inventory and stockouts, and optimizes the entire process (the whole chain). The wording in the question—‘a series of business operations connecting suppliers to consumers’ and ‘eliminating waste such as inventory and optimizing the entire process’—is exactly the definition of SCM, so SCM is correct.
Incorrectエ
SFA (Sales Force Automation) shares and manages information on sales activities, such as the progress of deals and records of customer visits, to make sales activities more efficient and to support them. Its target is the activities of the sales department, not the management of the entire supply chain connecting suppliers to consumers, so it is incorrect.
ここがポイント
- SCM (Supply Chain Management) integrates and manages, across companies, the chain from suppliers to consumers—procurement, manufacturing, logistics, and sales—reducing waste such as inventory to optimize the entire supply chain.
- The key point of this question is to distinguish SCM from CRM (customer relationships), POS (point-of-sale data collection), and SFA (sales support) by the business domain each one targets.
用語