Learn in the textbookProject Structure and Key Roles
DefinitionA project charter (プロジェクト憲章) is the document that formally authorizes a new project and first sets out its purpose and the authority of the person in charge.
ExplanationA project is a one-time effort to produce a unique result within a fixed period, which sets it apart from routine operations (定常業務) repeated the same way every month or year. The charter is created in initiating (立上げ), the first stage of a project, and the project officially begins once it is approved. Detailed arrangements for schedule and cost come later, when the appointed manager writes them up separately as the project management plan.
AnalogyIt is like the student council at a school festival formally approving a new event and issuing a note that names its aim and the person in charge. The detailed preparations are worked out later by that approved leader.
Memory hookThe Japanese 憲章 is the word used for the UN Charter, a founding agreement on what an organization is for and who may decide what. The English charter also means a grant that permits something to be founded.